Bodrumlu Mustafa Hilmi (Uran) Bey'in Teke (Antalya) Müstakil Mutasarrıflığı (29 Ekim 1921-22 Temmuz 1923)

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THE COMMUNITIES WITH AHIDNAME STRETCHING FROM MÜSTE’MEN TO REFUGEES:THE BERATLI, THE MAHMI, THE ONES WITH PATENTE

The protection privileges that Islamic states accepted by giving eman that means offering life and property protection for foreigners reached a different importance with the expanding of world trade capacity in the period of Ottoman State. Social, commercial and legal privileges that the Ottoman statesmen provided to foreign merchant and government officers in time. Thanks to the capitulations changing from 18. century, different persons and groups, except for legally recognised the Beratlı, could obtain all the privileges that the ahidname acknowleged. The nationalist revolts and disunities starting to increase in Ottoman territories in 19th. century revealed evil-minded interests of foreign states on Ottoman nonmuslim citizens. They realized the privileges that Ottoman headmen distributed due to their commerial concerns had turned into a dangerous political weapon like asylum until the end of this century. The Europeans found the definite way to compose the groups that adhered to themselves and distrupt the state by deteriorating Ottoman commercial and financial structure. As a result of this, the state encountered with thousands of people that have passports belonging to different states within their own territory.

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  • Cumhuriyet ArşiviHilmi Uran, Meşrutiyet, Tek Parti, Çok Parti Hatıralarım