Dijital (Şubesiz) Bankaların Regülasyonu

Bankacılık faaliyetlerini şubeler olmadan tamamen dijital ortamda gerçekleştiren dijital bankalar ya da bir diğer ifadeyle neobanklar, gerek dünyada gerekse ülkemizde dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. Her ülkede dijital bankacılığın gelişimi ve ilgili regülasyonlar farklı şekilde ve kapsamda olabilmektedir. Türkiye’de de dijital bankacılıkla çok yakından ilgili regülasyonların yapılmakta olduğu, bir taraftan da özel olarak dijital bankacılık lisanslamasına yönelik hedeflerin belirlendiği görülmektedir. Yakın zamanda, doğrudan dijital bankacılık için yapılmasa dahi, dijital bankacılık ile çok yakından ilişkili uzaktan kimlik tespiti ve yazılı şeklin yerine geçmek üzere elektronik ortamda sözleşme kurulmasına yönelik düzenlemeler dahil birçok düzenlemenin hayata geçirildiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada belirtilen gelişmeler ve düzenlemeler ile diğer ülkelerin dijital bankacılığa ilişkin lisanslama ve regülasyon yaklaşımları ele alınacaktır.

Regulation of Digital (Branchless) Banking

Digital banks or neobanks, which carry out their banking activities completely digitally without branches, have started to attract attention both in the world and in our country. The development of digital banking and related regulations in each country can be in different forms and scope. In Turkey, it is seen that regulations very closely related to digital banking are being made, while targets specifically for digital banking licensing are set. Recently, although not directly for but closely related to digital banking, many regulations have been put into effect, including digital onboarding and regulations for establishing contracts in electronic environment to replace the written form. In this study, the developments and regulations stated and especially the licensing and regulation approaches of other countries regarding digital banking will be discussed.

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