Alışverişlerde Temassız Kredi Kartı Kullanım Niyetini Etkileyen Unsurların Belirlenmesi: Nesnelerin İnterneti Kavramının Bankacılık Yansıması

‘’Nesnelerin İnterneti’’ kavramının bankacılık alanında en sık kullanılan uygulamalarından biri de temassız kredi kartlarıdır. Temassız kredi kartlarının kullanımı yaklaşık onbeş yıllık bir geçmişe dayanmakla birlikte ülkemizde son yıllarda bilinirliği ve kullanırlığı artış göstermektedir. Özellikle pandemi sürecinde Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün nakitsiz ve temassız ödemeye yönelik tavsiyeleri ve toplumun bu konudaki endişeleri temassız kredi kartı kullanımını arttırmaktadır. Araştırmada temassız kredi kartı deneyimleyen bireylerin gelecekte de temassız kredi kartını kullanma niyetine etki eden unsurların belirlenmesi amacıyla 394 katılımcıdan on-line anket uygulaması ile veri toplanmış ve elde edilen veri SPSS 21 ve Smart-PLS programları ile yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları temassız kredi kartına yönelik algılanan fayda, algılanan kullanım kolaylığı, algılanan risk ve bireyleri kullanıma yönelten sosyal çevre ve akranların bireylerin temassız kredi kartını gelecekte de kullanım niyetini etkilediğini göstermektedir. Algılanan kişisel yenilikçilik unsurunun ise bireylerin temassız kredi kartlarını gelecekte de kullanım niyetini etkilemediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Determining The Factors Affecting the Intention of Using Non-Contact Credit Card in Shopping: The Banking Reflection of Internet of Things Concept

One of the most frequently used applications of the ‘’Internet of Things’’ concept in the banking field is non-contact credit cards. Although the use of non-contact credit cards has a history of approximately fifteen years, their awareness and usability have increased in our country in recent years. In particular, during the pandemic process, the recommendations of the World Health Organization for cashless and non-contact payments and the concerns of the society on this issue increase the use of non-contact credit cards. In the study, in order to determine the factors that affect the intention of using non-contact credit cards in the future, data was collected from 394 participants using an on-line questionnaire, and the data obtained was analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS 21 and Smart-PLS programs. The results of the analysis show that the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived risk, and the social environment and peers that direct individuals to use affect individuals' intention to use the non-contact credit card in the future. It is concluded that the perceived personal innovativeness factor has no effect on the intention of using non-contact credit cards in the future.

PDF

___

Abboushi, S. (2017). Global Virtual Currency: Brief Overview. The Journal Of Applied Business And Economics, 19(6), 10–18.
Abdullah, F., And Ward, R. (2016). Developing A General Extended Technology Acceptance Model For E-Learning (GETAMEL) By Analysing Commonly Used External Factors. Computers In Human Behavior, 56, 238–256.
Agarwal, R. And Karahanna, E. (2000). Time Flies When You’re Having Fun: Cognitive Absorption And Beliefs About Information Technology Usage. MIS Quarterly, 24(4), 665–694.
Ajjan, H. And Hartshorne, R. (2008). Investigating Faculty Decisions To Adop t Web 2.0 Technologies Theory Andempirical Tests. Internet And Higher Education, 11, 71–80.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory Of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.
Alalwan, A. A., Dwivedi, Y. K., Rana, N. P. And Williams, M. D. (2016). Consumer Adoption Of Mobile Banking In Jordan: Examining The Role Of Usefulness, Ease Of Use, Perceived Risk And Self- Efficacy. Journal Of Enterprise Information Management, 29(1), 118–139
Algharibi, A. J. And Arvanitis, T. N. (2011). Adapting The Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology (UTAUT) As A Tool For Validating User Needs On The Implementation Of E-Trial Software Systems. In Proceedings Of The 25th BCS Conference On Human-Computer Interaction, Swindon, UK, July, 2011.
Arıkan, E., Ve Telci, E. E. (2014). Marka Özgünlüğü Ve Boyutlarının Müşteri Tutum Ves Atın Alma Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkileri. Pazarlama Ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi, (14), 87-106.
Ashton, K. (2009). ‘’Internet Of Things. RFID Journal’’ 22 Haziran 2020 Tarihinde Http://Www.Itrco.Jp/Libraries/Rfidjournal-That%20Internet%20of%20Things%20Thing.Pdf Adresinden Erişildi
Askool, S., Pan, Y. C., Jacobs, A. Ve Tan, C. (2019). Understanding Proximity Mobile Payment Adoption Through Technology Acceptance Model And Organisational Semiotics: An Exploratory Study. In Proceedings Of The 24th UK Academy For Information Systems International Conference, Oxford, UK, 9-10 April 2019.
Baabdullah, A., Nasseef, O. And Alalwan, A. (2016). Consumer Adoption Of Mobile Government In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia: The Role Of Usefulness, Ease Of Use, Perceived Risk And Innovativeness. In Proceedings Of The Conference On E-Business, E-Services And E-Society, Swansea, UK, 13-15 September 2016.
Baganzi, R. And Lau, A. K. (2017). Examining Trust And Risk In Mobile Money Acceptance In Uganda. Sustainability, 9, 2233.
Bankalararası Kart Merkezi (2017) ‘’Temassız Ödeme Yapmak Için 7 Neden’’ 22 Temmuz 2020 Tarihinde Https://Bkm.Com.Tr/En/Temassiz-Odeme-Yapmak-Icin-7-Neden/ Adresinden Erişildi.
Bankalararası Kart Merkezi (2019) ‘’Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Temassız Ödemeyi Öneriyor’’ 23 Temmuz 2020 Tarihinde Https://Bkm.Com.Tr/Temassiz-Odeme-Sagliklidir/ Adresinden Erişildi.
Bankalararası Kart Merkezi (2020) ‘’Temassız Şifre Limiti Yenilendi’’ 9 Haziran 2020 Tarihinde Https://Bkm.Com.Tr/En/Temassiz-Sifre-Limiti-Yenilendi/ Adresinden Erişildi.
Bozpolat, C. Ve Seyhan, H. (2020). Mobil Ödeme Teknolojisi Kabulünün Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Ile Incelenmesi: Ampirik Bir Araştırma. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 10(1), 119-145.
Chen, L.D. (2008). A Model Of Consumer Acceptance Of Mobile Payment. International Journal Of Mobile Communications, 6, 32–52.
Chen, L. And Aklikokou, A.K. (2020). Determinants Of E-Government Adoption: Testing The Mediating Effects Of Perceived Usefulness And Perceived Ease Of Use. International Journal Of Public Administration, 43(10), 850-865.
Choi, H., Kim, Y. And Kim, J. (2011). Driving Factors Of Post Adoption Behavior In Mobile Data Services. Journal Of Business Research, 64, 1212-1217.
Chopdar, P. K., Korfiatis, N., Sivakumar, V. J. And Lytras, M. D. (2018). Mobile Shopping Apps Adoption And Perceived Risks: A Cross‐Country Perspective Utilizing The Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology. Computers In Human Behavior, 86, 109–128.
Cnntürk (2020) ‘’Koronavirüs Temassız Kart Kullanımını Yüzde 23 Arttırdı’’ 11 Ağustos 2020 Tarihinde Https://Www.Cnnturk.Com/Video/Turkiye/Koronavirus-Temassiz-Kart-Kullanimini-Yuzde-23-Arttirdi Adresinden Erişildi.
Cocco, L., Pinna, A. And Marchesi, M. (2017). Banking On Blockchain: Costs Savings Thanks To The Blockchain Technology. Future Internet, 9(25), 1-20.
Cooper, R. B. Ve Zmud, R. W. (1990). Information Technology Implementation Research: A Technological Diffusion Approach. Management Science, 36(2), 123-139.
Davis, F. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease Of Use And User Acceptance Of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13, 319–339.
Davis, D., Bagozzi, R.P. And Warshaw, P.R. (1989). User Acceptance Of Computer Technology: A Comparison Of Two Theoretical Models. Management Science, 3 (8), 982-1003.
Duarte, P., Silva, S. C. And Ferreira, M. B. (2018). How Convenient Is It? Delivering Online Shopping Convenience To Enhance Customer Satisfaction And Encourage E-WOM. Journal Of Retailing And Consumer Services, 44, 161-169.
Eren, B.A. (2020). The Role Of Internet Banking In The Presentation And Marketing Of Financial Services And Products In A Digital Environment. K., Sandhu (Ed.). In Digital Innovation For Transformation Of Learning Management Systems At Universities (Pp.162-183). IGI Global.
Frame, W.S., Wall L.D. And White, L.J. (2019). ‘’Technological Change And Financial Innovation In Banking: Some Implications For Fintech’’ Working Paper, Federal Reserve Bank Of Atlanta. 1 Haziran 2020 Tarihinde Https://Www.Econstor.Eu/Bitstream/10419/200533/1/1033585882.Pdf Adresinden Erişildi.
Financial Stability Board (FSB), (2017) ‘’Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning In Financial Services: Market Developments And Financial Stability Implications’’ 20 Mayıs 2020 Tarihinde Https://Www.Fsb.Org/Wp-Content/Uploads/P011117.Pdf Adresinden Erişildi.
Fishbein, M. And And Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, Attitude, Intention And Behavior: An Introduction To Theory And Research, Reading. MA: Addison-Wesley.
Fornell, C. Ve Larcker, D. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models With Unobservable Variables And Measurement Error. Journal Of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
Gefen, D. (2000). E-Commerce: The Role Of Familiarity And Trust. Omega, 28(6), 725-737.
Gefen, D., Karahanna, E. And Straub, D. W. (2003). Trust And TAM In Online Shopping: An Interacted Model. MIS Quarterly, 27(1), 51–90.
George, D. Ve Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS For Windows Step By Step: A Simple Guide And Reference 17.0 Update. Boston: Pearson.
Goldsmith, R.E. And Hofacke, C.F. (1991). Measuring Consumer Innovativeness. Journal Of The Academy Of Marketing Science, 19, 209-221.
Görçün, Ö. F. (2016). Dördüncü Endüstri Devrimi Endüstri 4.0. İstanbul: Beta Basım.
Gu, Y.C., Lee, S.C., Suh, Y.H. (2009). Determinants Of Behavioral Intention To Mobile Banking. Expert Systems With Applications, 36, 11605–11616.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. Ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hartshorne, R. And Ajjan, H. (2009). Examining Student Decisions To Adopt Web 2.0 Technologies: Theory And Empirical Tests. Journal Of Computer High Education, 21,183–198.
He, T., Huang, Q, Yu, X. And Li, S. (2020). Exploring Students’ Digital Informal Learning: The Roles Of Digital Competence And DTPB Factors. Behaviour & Information Technology, 1-11.
Hongxia, P., Xianhao, X. And Weidan, L. (2011). Drivers And Barriers In The Acceptance Of Mobile Payment In China. In Proceedings Of The International Conference On E-Business And EGovernment, Shanghai, PRC, 6-8 May 2011.
Hsu, C. L. And Lu, H. P. (2004). Why Do People Play On-Line Games? An Extended Tamwith Social Influences And Flow Experience. Information And Management, 41(7), 853–868.
Jiang, L., Yang, Z. And Jun, M. (2013). Measuring Consumer Perceptions Of Online Shopping Convenience. Journal Of Service Management, 24(2), 191-214.
Kapoor, K., Dwivedi, Y. And Williams, M. (2014). Examining The Role Of Three Sets Of Innovation Attributes For Determining Adoption Of The Interbank Mobile Payment Service. Information Systems Frontiers, 17, 1039-1056.
Karakaya Özyer, K. (2019). Sosyal Etki Ve Öz Yeterlilik Algısının Dokunmatik Ekranlı Akıllı Cihazları Kabullenişe Etkisi. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20 ,601-619.
Khare, A. And Pandey, S. (2017). Role Of Green Self-Identity And Peer Influence In Fostering Trust Towards Organic Food Retailers. International Journal Of Retail & Distribution Management, 45(9), 969-990.
Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles And Practice Of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Guilford Press.
Jones, G. E. And Kavanagh, M. J. (1996). An Experimental Examination Of The Effects Of Individual And Situational Factors On Unethical Behavioral Intentions In The Workplace. Journal Of Business Ethics, 15, 511–523.
Lee, G. And Crespi, N. (2010). Shaping Future Service Environments With The Cloud And Internet Of Things: Networking Challenges And Service Evolution. Leveraging Applications Of Formal Methods, Verification, And Validation, 399-410.
Lee, M. K. O., Cheung, C. M. K. And Chen, Z. (2005). Acceptance Of Internetbased Learning Medium: The Role Of Extrinsic And Intrinsic Motivation. Information & Management, 42(8), 1095-1104.
Letourneau, K. B. And Whelan, S.T. (2017). Blockchain: Staying Ahead Of Tomorrow. The Journal Of Equipment Lease Financing, 35(2), 1–6.
Li, J., Wang, J., Wangh, S. & Zhou, Y. (2019). Mobile Payment With Alipay: An Application Of Extended Technology Acceptance Model. IEEE Acces, 7, 50380-50387.
Lu, Y., Yang, S., Chau, P., & Cao, Y. (2011). Dynamics Between The Trust Transfer Process And Intention To Use Mobile Payment Services: A Cross-Environment Perspective. Information & Management, 48, 393–403.
Ma, W. W., Andersson, R. And Streith, K.O. (2005). Examining User Acceptance Of Computer Technology: An Empirical Study Of Student Teachers. Journal Of Computer Assisted Learning, 21, 387–395
Mensah, I. K. And Mi, J. (2018). An Empirical Investigation Of The Impact Of Demographic Factors On E-Government Services Adoption. International Journal Of E-Services And Mobile Applications, 10(2), 17–35.
Navaretti, G.B. Calzolar, G. And Pozzolo, A. F. (2017). Fintech And Banks: Friends Or Foes? European Economy Banks, Regulation, And The Real Sector, 3(2), 1-162.
Park, S. Y. (2009). An Analysis Of The Technology Acceptance Model In Understanding University Students' Behavioral Intention To Use E-Learning. Educational Technology & Society, 12(3), 150- 162.
Pettijohn, C.E., Keith, N.K. And Burnett, M.S. (2011). Managerial And Peer Influence On Ethical Behavioral Intentions In A Personal Selling Context. Journal Of Promotion Management, 17(2), 133-147.
Pikkarainen, T., Pikkarainen, K., Karjaluoto, H. Ve Pahnila, S. (2004). Consumer Acceptance Of Online Banking: An Extension Of The Technology Acceptance Model. Internet Research, 14(3), 224-235.
Raza, S. A., Umer, A. And Shah, N. (2017). New Determinants Of Ease Of Use And Perceived Usefulness For Mobile Banking Adoption. International Journal Of Electronic Customer Relationship Management, 11(1), 44-65.
Rogers, E.M. (2003). Diffusion Of Innovations. New York: The Free Press.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P. Ve Thornhill, A. (2003). Research Methods For Business Students. London: Financial Times Prentice-Hall.
Schumacker, R.E. Ve Lomax, R.G. (1996). A Beginner’s Guide To Structural Equation Modeling. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Shin, D.H. (2010). Modelling The Interaction Of Users And Mobile Payment System: Conceptual Framework. International Journal Of Human-Computer Interaction, 26, 917–940.
Simarmata, M.T.A. (2020). The Role Of Personal Innovativeness On Behavioral Intention Of Information Technology. Journal Of Economics And Business, 1(2), 18-29.
Slade, E., Williams, M., Dwivedi, Y. And Piercy, N. (2015). Exploring Consumer Adoption Of Proximity Mobile Payments. Journal Of Strategic Marketing, 23(3), 209-223.
Sun, Y.And Jeyaraj, A. (2003). Information Technology Adoption And Continuance: A Longitudinalstudy Of Individuals’ Behavioral Intentions. Information & Management, 50, 457-465. Swan, M. (2017). Anticipating The Economic Benefits Of Blockchain. Technology Innovation Management Review, 7(10), 6–13.
Tabachnich, B. G. Ve Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics. Boston: Pearson/Allyn Ve Bacon.
Tan, G., Ooi, K.B., Chong, S.C. And Hew, S.C. (2014). NFC Mobile Credit Card: The Next Frontier Of Mobile Payment? Telematics And Informatics, 31, 292–307.
Tang, J. And Zhang, P. (2020). The Impact Of Atmospheric Cues On Consumers’ Approach And Avoidance Behavioral Intentions In Social Commerce Websites. Computers In Human Behavior, 108, 1-17.
Taylor, S. And Todd, P. A. (1995). Understanding Information Technology Usage: A Test Ofcompeting Models. Information Systems Research, 6(2), 144−176.
Teo, T., Ursavaş, O. F. Ve Bahçekapılı, E. (2012). An Assessment Of Pre-Service Teachers’ Technology Acceptance In Turkey: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 21(1), 191-202.
Thakor, A.V. (2020). Fintech And Banking: What Do We Know? Journal Of Financial Intermediation, 41, 1-13.
Thakur, R. (2013). Customer Adoption Of Mobile Payment Services By Professionals Across Two Cities In India: An Empirical Study Using Modified Technology Acceptance Model. Business Perspectives And Research, 1, 17.
Van Raaij, E. M. And Schepers, J. J. L. (2008). The Acceptance And Use Of A Virtual Learning Environment In China. Computers & Education, 50(3), 838–852.
Venkatesh, V. (2000). Determinants Of Perceived Ease Of Use: Integrating Control, Intrinsic Motivation, And Emotion Into The Technology Acceptance Model. Information Systems Research, 11(4), 342-36.
Venkastesh, V. And Davis, F.D. (2000). Social Impact Shapes The Tendencies Of Individuals Like Customer Satisfaction. Management Science, 46(2), 186-204.
Venkatesh, V. And H. Bala. 2008. Technology Acceptance Model 3 And A Research Agenda On Interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273–315
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M., Davis, G. And Davis, F. (2003). User Acceptance Of Information Technology: Toward A Unified View. MIS Quarterly, 27, 425–478.
Venkatesh, V., Tong, J.Y.L. And Xu, X. (2012). Consumer Acceptance And Use Of Information Technology: Extending The Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology. MIS Quarterly, 36(1), 157-178.
Wang, W. and Benbasat, I. (2005). Trust In And Adoption Of Online Recommendation Agents. Journal Of The Association For Information Systems, 6 (3), 72-101.
Wang, L. And Yi, Y. (2012). The Impact Of Use Context On Mobile Payment Acceptance: An Empirical Study In China. A. Xie And X. Huang (Eds.). In Advances In Computer Science And Education (Pp. 293–300). Berlin: Springer.
World Of Health Organization (2019) ‘’Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)‘’ 22 Haziran 2020 Tarihinde Https://Www.Who.Int/Emergencies/Diseases/Novel-Coronavirus-2019/Events-As-They-Happen Adresinden Erişildi.
Wu, L.H., Wu, L.C. And Chang, S.C. (2016). Exploring Consumers’intention To Accept Smartwatch. Computers In Human Behavior, 64, 383-392.
Yang, S., Lu, Y., Gupta, S., Cao, Y., & Zhang, R. (2012). Mobile Payment Services Adoption Across Time: An Empirical Study Of The Effects Of Behavioural Beliefs, Social Influences, And Personal Traits. Computers In Human Behaviour, 28, 129–142.
Yazici, M., Basurra, S. And Gaber, M. (2018). Edge Machine Learning: Enabling Smart Internet Of Things Applications. Big Data And Cognitive Computers, 2(26), 1-17.
Yazıcıoğlu, Y. Ve Erdoğan, S. (2004). SPSS Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Detay.
Zhou, M., Zhao, L., Kong, N., Campy, K.S., Xu, G., Zhu, G., Cao, X., Wang, S. (2020). Understanding Consumers’ Behavior To Adopt Self-Service Parcel Services For Last-Mile Delivery. Journal Of Retailing And Consumer Services, 52, 1-12.Venkatesh, V. ( 000). Determinants Of Perceived Ease Of Use: Integrating Control, Intrinsic Motivation, And Emotion Into The Technology Acceptance Model. Information Systems Research, 11(4), 342-365.
Venkastesh, V. And Davis, F.D. (2000). Social Impact Shapes The Tendencies Of Individuals Like Customer Satisfaction. Management Science, 46(2), 186-204.
Venkatesh, V. And H. Bala. 2008. Technology Acceptance Model 3 And A Research Agenda On Interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273–315
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M., Davis, G. And Davis, F. (2003). User Acceptance Of Information Technology: Toward A Unified View. MIS Quarterly, 27, 425–478.
Venkatesh, V., Tong, J.Y.L. And Xu, X. (2012). Consumer Acceptance And Use Of Information Technology: Extending The Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology. MIS Quarterly, 36(1), 157-178.
Wang, W. and Benbasat, I. (2005). Trust In And Adoption Of Online Recommendation Agents. Journal Of The Association For Information Systems, 6 (3), 72-101.
Wang, L. And Yi, Y. (2012). The Impact Of Use Context On Mobile Payment Acceptance: An Empirical Study In China. A. Xie And X. Huang (Eds.). In Advances In Computer Science And Education (Pp. 293–300). Berlin: Springer.
World Of Health Organization (2019) ‘’Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)‘’ 22 Haziran 2020 Tarihinde Https://Www.Who.Int/Emergencies/Diseases/Novel-Coronavirus-2019/Events-As-They-Happen Adresinden Erişildi.
Wu, L.H., Wu, L.C. And Chang, S.C. (2016). Exploring Consumers’intention To Accept Smartwatch. Computers In Human Behavior, 64, 383-392.
Yang, S., Lu, Y., Gupta, S., Cao, Y., & Zhang, R. (2012). Mobile Payment Services Adoption Across Time: An Empirical Study Of The Effects Of Behavioural Beliefs, Social Influences, And Personal Traits. Computers In Human Behaviour, 28, 129–142.
Yazici, M., Basurra, S. And Gaber, M. (2018). Edge Machine Learning: Enabling Smart Internet Of Things Applications. Big Data And Cognitive Computers, 2(26), 1-17.
Yazıcıoğlu, Y. Ve Erdoğan, S. (2004). SPSS Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Detay.
Zhou, M., Zhao, L., Kong, N., Campy, K.S., X u, G., Zhu, G., Cao, X., Wang, S. (2020). Understanding Consumers’ Behavior To Adopt Self-Service Parcel Services For Last-Mile Delivery. Journal Of Retailing And Consumer Services, 52, 1-12.