Matematik Öğrenme Güçlüğü Yaşayan Öğrencilere Yönelik Öğretimsel Müdahalelerin Öğrencilerin Akademik Başarılarına Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Giriş: Matematik öğrenme güçlüğü yaşayan öğrenciler bilişsel anlamda hiç öğrenememekten ziyade yavaş ve farklı öğrenen öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır. Öğrenme güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin bireysel farklılıkları nedeniyle bu öğrencileri desteklemek amacıyla öğretimsel müdahaleler geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, matematik öğrenme güçlüğü yaşayan öğrenciler için oluşturulan öğretimsel müdahalelerin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına etkisini inceleyen farklı türden birincil çalışmaları sentezleyerek, güncel ve ayrıntılı bir analiz çalışması yapmaktır.Yöntem: Matematik öğrenme güçlüğü yaşayan öğrenciler için oluşturulan öğretimsel müdahalelerin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına etkisinin incelendiği farklı türden birincil çalışmalar meta analiz yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmalara ait etki büyüklük değerleri, heterojenlik testi, yayın yanlılığı ve ara değişken analizlerine ilişkin bilgiler, CMA (Comprehensive Meta Analysis) istatistik programı kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır.Bulgular: Yapılan meta analiz çalışmasıyla matematik öğrenme güçlüğü yaşayan öğrenciler için hazırlanan müdahale programlarının öğrencilerin akademik başarı seviyelerinde geniş bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir (Hedge g = 0.764, %95 CI = 0.494 - 1.033). Ayrıca yapılan ara değişken analizlerinde etki büyüklük değerlerinin çalışma değişkenlerinden müdahale türü ve tanılama ölçütlerine göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştığı; öğrenme alanına, uygulama süresi ve öğretim düzeyine göre ise bir anlamlılık ifade etmediği belirlenmiştir.Tartışma: Araştırmaya dâhil edilen çalışmalardan elde edilen genel etki büyüklüğü (0.764), öğretimsel müdahalelerin matematik öğrenme güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin matematik performansı üzerinde genel anlamda olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Matematik öğrenme güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin desteklenmesi amacıyla farklı öğretimsel müdahalelerin geliştirildiği görülmektedir. Geliştirilen öğretimsel müdahaleler, öğrencilere matematik öğretim sürecinde destek olmakla beraber matematik öğrenme güçlüğü üzerine farkındalık oluşturmaya devam etmektedir. Sonuç olarak, daha fazla öğretimsel müdahale çalışmasına ihtiyaç olduğu ifade edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Matematik öğrenme güçlüğü, diskalkuli, öğrenme ortamı, öğretimsel müdahaleler, bilgisayar destekli öğretim

The Effects of Instructional Interventions on the Academic Achievement of Students with Mathematical Learning Difficulties

Introduction: The aim of this study is to make an up-to-date and detailed analysis by synthesizing different types of primary studies that examine the effect of instructional interventions for students with mathematical learning difficulties on academic achievement.Method: Different types of studies that examine the effects of instructional interventions for students with mathematics learning difficulties on academic achievement were analyzed using meta-analysis method. The effect size values of the studies, the test of heterogeneity, publication bias and information about the moderator analysis were calculated using the CMA (Comprehensive Meta Analysis) statistical program.Findings: The study revealed that intervention programs prepared for students with mathematical learning difficulties had a wide effect on the academic achievement levels of students (Hedge g = 0.764, %95 CI = 0.494-1.033).Discussion: The overall effect size (0.764) obtained from the studies shows that instructional interventions have a positive effect on the mathematics performance of students with learning difficulties. It is seen that different instructional interventions have been developed in order to support these students. The instructional interventions support students in the process of learning mathematics, and continue to raise awareness on the learning difficulties. As a result, it can be stated that more instructional intervention studies are needed.

Keywords:

Mathematics learning disabilities, dyscalculia, learning environment, instructional intervention, computer based instruction,

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