YÜKSEL ERİMTAN KOLEKSİYONU’NDAN İKİ TERRAKOTTA FULCRUM FİGÜRÜ

Yunan ve Roma yataklarının stilistik gelişimi ve farklılıkları üzerine antik metinler ve modern çalışmalar olmak üzere çok sayıda bilgi ve kaynak mevcuttur. Bu yatakların kol dayama yerleri olan baş ve bazen de ayak kısımlarında plastik ve kabartma figürlerle süslü fulcrum adı verilen genelde bezemeli metal parça bulunmaktadır. Modern çalışmalar ile günümüzde çok az kısmı korunmuş ve müzelerde saklanan fulcrumlar ve parçaları değerlendirilmiş ancak genelde tarihlendirilme sorunu dile getirilmiştir. Bu fulcrumlar ilk örneklerinden itibaren yataktaki yerleri, duruşları, malzemeleri, figürleri ve diğer bezemeleri ile birlikte değerlendirilmiş ve bu bağlamda çalışmaya konu olan Ankara Yüksel Erimtan Kültür ve Sanat Vakfı, Erimtan Arkeoloji ve Sanat Müzesi kataloğunda yer alan iki terrakotta figür ele alınmıştır. Özgün ve çok sevilen örnekleri bronz, fildişi, kemik gibi farklı malzemeler olan fulcrumların pek karşılaşılmayan terrakotta örnekleri ise yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu nedenle her iki terrakotta figür daha önce çalışılmış farklı malzemeden yapılmış özgün örnekler ışığında ikonografi ve işlev açısından tanımlanmış ve özgün bir yatak dekorasyonu oldukları vurgulanmıştır. Yine çalışılmış yataklar ve fulcrumlarla karşılaştırılarak bu iki terrakotta figürün gerçek işlevi çizimlerle ortaya konarak yatağın özgün formu inşa edilmiş ve tarihlendirilmiştir.

TWO TERRACOTTA FULCRUM FIGURINES FROM THE YÜKSEL ERİMTAN COLLECTION

There are a great number of information and publications on the stylistic development and differences of Greek and Roman couches in antique texts and modern studies. These beds have armrests in the head, and sometimes in the feet are decorated with metal parts called fulcrum usually decorated with plastic and relief figurines. In modern studies, only a small part of the fulcra and samples preserved in the museums were evaluated but generally dating problem has mentioned. The fulcra have been evaluated from their first examples, together with their places, standings, materials, figures and other decorations in their couches and in this context two terracotta figurines in the catalog of Erimtan Culture and Art Foundation, Erimtan Archaeology and Art Museum in Ankara were discussed. Original and very popular examples of fulcra were made of different materials like bronze, ivory and bone but their terracotta samples are rarely encountered. For this reason, it is emphasized that both terracotta figures are defined in terms of iconography and function in the light of original specimens made from different materials which have been studied previously and it is emphasized that they are unique couch decoration. In addition to these two terracotta figurine revealed the real function with illustrations and the original form of the couch was built and dated in comparison with published fulcra and couches.

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