Okul Öncesi Dönemdeki Çocukların Yazı Farkındalığı Becerilerini Değerlendirme Aracı’nın Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Bu araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların yazı farkındalığı becerilerini değerlendirebilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesidir. Araştırmada genel tarama modellerinden betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 48- 72 ay arası normal gelişim gösteren 109 kız, 107 erkek olmak üzere toplam 216 çocuk oluşturmuştur. Çalışma grubundaki çocuklar, Ankara ilinin sosyo-ekonomik düzeyi birbirinden farklı dört ilçesindeki bağımsız anaokullarında öğrenim görmektedir. Yazı Farkındalığı Becerilerini Değerlendirme Aracı’nın geçerlik çalışması için kapsam ve yapı geçerliği yapılmıştır. Kapsam geçerliği için uzman görüşüne başvurulmuş, yapı geçerliği için ise madde analizi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca üç faktörlü olarak kurulan modelin veriye uyum sağlayıp sağlamadığını belirlemek için Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi yapılmıştır. Değerlendirme aracının KR-20 güvenirlik katsayısı 0.76 olarak saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Yazı Farkındalığı Becerilerini Değerlendirme Aracı’nın okul öncesi dönemdeki 48-72 aylık çocukların yazı farkındalığı becerilerini değerlendirmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu belirlenmiştir.

A Validity and Reliability Study of the Preschool Children’s Print Awareness Skills Assessment Form

This study aims to develop a valid and reliable assessment instrument that can assess the print awareness skills of preschool children. The research design used was the descriptive survey model. The study group consisted of 216 children - 109 girls and 107 boys, who were between the ages of 48-72 months and displayed normal development. Children in the study group were selected from six kindergartens in four different socio-economic level districts in the city of Ankara. For the validation of the print Assessment Tool for Print Awareness Skills (ATPAS), content and construct validity analyses were done. Expert opinion was obtained for content validity and item analysis was conducted for construct validity. In addition, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was done to determine whether the three-factor model found fit the data. The KR-20 reliability coefficient of the assessment tool was 0.76. As a result, ATPAS was found to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing the print awareness skills of 48-72 month-old children.

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