Ulrika Mårtensson, Abdulkader I. Tayob ve Göran Larsson’un İbn Cerîr et-Taberî’nin Târîh’ini Farklı Okuma Denemeleri

Batı ilim dünyasında İslâm tarihyazıcılığının karakterini anlamamızı kolaylaştıracak ilmî çalışmaların nicelik ve nitelik itibarıyla ciddi bir seviye kazandığını söyleyebiliriz. İlk başlarda tarihsel eleştirel yöntemle yürütülen bu araştırmalarda tartışmaların odak noktasını, İslâm tarihinin erken dönemiyle ilgili tarihî kaynakların güvenilirliği konusu teşkil ederken, son zamanlarda klasik tarih kaynaklarında yer alan rivâyetlerin sıhhati ve tarihlendirilmesinden ziyade, modern veya post-modern teorilerden hareketle haberlerin kompoze ediliş şekli ile bununla iletilmek istenen mesaja ağırlık veren edebî eleştirel yaklaşımlar öne çıkmaya başlamıştır. Ulrika Mårtensson, Abdulkader I. Tayob ve Göran Larsson’un İbn Cerîr et-Taberî’nin tarihyazıcılığı üzerine yaptıkları çalışmalar, bu türden bir çabayı temsil etmektedir. Batı ilim geleneği içinde yetişmiş her üç araştırmacının göze çarpan müşterek özelliği, Ortaçağ İslâm tarihyazıcılığının modern tarih kuramları üzerinden okunup okunamayacağını sınamak istemeleri, spesifik olarak da Taberî’nin Târîhu’l-ümem ve’l-mülûk adlı eserinin literatür değeri ile tarihte vuku bulan olaylara ilişkin bize ne söyleyebileceğini ortaya koyma amacını taşımalarıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İslam Tarihi, Taberî, Tarih Yazıcılığı, Rivâyet, Epistemoloji.

Different Attempts to Read the Historiography of Ibn Jarir al-Tabari in his Tarikh with special reference to Ulrika Mårtensson, Abdulkader I. Tayob and Göran Larsson

It would be plausible to consider that the scholarly works of the Western academic world that facilitate the understanding of the character of Islamic historiography have reached to a significant level both in the sheer magnitude of its quantity as well as its excellence of quality. At its infancy, the focus of the research field was restricted on the authenticity of historical sources regarding the early Islamic period. Subsequently, the critical-literary theory based approaches became prominent which rather than dating the time or validating the narrations in historical sources, following the modern and the postmodern theories concentrated on the forms of composition and what message is delivered through them. The works undertaken on Ibn Jarīr al-Tabarī’s historiography by Ulrika Mårtensson, Abdulkader I. Tayob and Göran Larsson represent such endeavor. The outstanding common trait of all the three Western-trained scholars is their inquiry whether or not the medieval Islamic historiography could be read through the modern history theories, and more specifically a purpose to determine what al-Tabarī’s Tarīkh al-umam wa’l-mulūk in holding its literary value could reveal to us what really happened in history.

Keywords:

Islamic History, al-Tabarī, Historiography, Narration, Epistemology.,

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