Probiyotikler ve Kalp-Damar Hastalıkları

Yüksek serum kolesterol ve özellikle de LDL-kolesterol düzeyleri kalp-damar hastalıkları riskinin artışıyla ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bazı intestinal bozuklukların önlenmesi ve/veya tedavisinde yararlı etkilere sahip canlı mikroorganizmalar olarak tanımlanan probiyotik mikroorganizmalar serum kolesterol seviyesini düşürebilir. Bu makalede ilk olarak probiyotikler tanımlanmış ve probiyotiklerle ilgili bazı önemli hususlar açıklanmıştır. Son kısımda kalp-damar hastalıkları üzerine probiyotiklerin etkileri yeni literatür bilgileri ışığında tartışılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kolesterol, sağlık, probiyotik

PROBIOTICS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Elevated levels of serum cholesterol, particularly LDLcholesterol have been linked to an increase risk for cardiovascular diseases. Probiotic microorganisms which have been defined as viable microorganisms that have a beneficial effect in the prevention and/or treatment of specific intestinal disorders can be decrease the serum cholesterol levels. This paper will first outline definition of probiotics and give some of the key aspects for probiotics. In the final part, we discussed the effects of probiotics on the cardiovascular diseases under the data of new literatures

Keywords:

Cholesterol, health, probiotic,

PDF

___

A n o n y m o u s , 2 0 0 4 a . K o l e s t e r o l ü n Ö n e m i . http://kolesterol.ada.net.tr/onemi.html. Ulaşım: Şubat 2005.
Son yıllarda L. acidophilus ve E. faecium kültürleri dışındaki probiyotiklerin de kolesterol düşürücü etkilerinin incelendiği çeşitli araştırmalar dikkati çekmektedir. In vitro ortamda yapılan bu çalışmaların birinde Grill et al. [18] Lactobacillus amylovorus DN-112053 ve Bifidobacterium breve ATCC
Wetherilt, H., 1999. Kolesterol gerçeği. Gıda Bilimi ve Teknolojisi Dergisi 17
Gomes, A.M.P., Malcata, F.X., 1999. Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus acidophius: biological, biochemical, technological and therapeutical properties relevant for use as probiotics. Trends in Food Science & Technology 10: 139-157.
Fuller, R., 1989. Probiotics in man and animals. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 66: 365-378.
Bengmark, S., 2001. Pre-, pro- and synbiotics. Current Opinion in Clinical
Nutrition & Metabolic Care 4(6): 571-579. Fuller, R., 2004. What is a probiotic? Biologist 51(4): 232.
Rafter, J., 2002. Lactic acid bacteria and cancer: mechanistic perspective.
British Journal of Nutrition 88 (Suppl. 1): 89-94
Chow, J., 2002. Probiotics and prebiotics: a brief overview. Journal of Renal Nutrition 12(2): 76-86.
Donohue, D.C., Salminen, S., 1996. Safety of probiotic bacteria. Asia Pacific
Journal of Clinical Nutrition 5: 25-28. Mann, G.V., Spoerry, A., 1974. Studies of a surfactant and cholesterolemia in the Maasai. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 27: 464-469.
Grunewald, K.K., 1982. Serum cholesterol levels in rats fed skim milk fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus. Journal of Food Science 47: 2078
Gilliland S.F., Nelson, C.R., Maxwell, C., 1985. Assimilation of cholesterol by
Lactobacillus acidophilus. Applied Environmental Microbiology 49: 377-381. Akalın, A.S., Gönç, S., Düzel, S., 1997. Influence of yogurt and acidophilus yogurt on serum cholesterol levels in mice. Journal Dairy Science 80: 2721
Fukushima, M., Yamada, A., Endo, T., Nakano, M., 1999. Effects of a mixture of organisms, Lactobacillus acidophilus or Streptococcus faecalis on 6- desaturase activity in the livers of rats fed a fat- and cholesterol-enriched diet. Nutrition 15(5): 373-378.
Agerholm-Larsen, L., Raben, A., Haulrik, N., Hansen, A.H., Manders, M., Astrup, A., 2000. Effect of 8 week intake of probiotic milk products on risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 54: 288-297. http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Pages/dairy/report95/products/dsl-62.pdf ), Ulaşım: Şubat 2005.
Ouwehand, A.C., Salvadori, B.B., Fonden, R., Mogensen, G., Salminen, S., Sellars, R., 2003. Health effects of probiotics and culture-containing dairy products in humans. Bulletin of the IDF 380: 4-19.
Lactobacillus amylovorus and Bifidobacterium breve on cholesterol. Letters in Applied Microbiology 31: 154-156. Anonymous, 1998. Mechanisms of protection of the digestive tract. Danone
Nutrition and Health Collection, An Initiative of the Danone Research Centers, John Libbey Eurotext, Paris, France, 47p. Naruszewicz, M., 1997. Decrease in fibrinogen and LDL-cholesterol levels upon supplementation of diet with Lactobacillus plantarum in subjects with moderately elevated cholesterol. Atherosclerosis 137: 437-438.
Salminen, S., Bouley, C., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Cummings, J.H., Franck, A., Gibson, G.R., Isolauri, E., Moreau, M.C., Roberfroid, M., Rowland, I., 1998.
Functional food science and gastrointestinal physiology and function. British Journal of Nutrition 80 (Suppl. 1): 147-171. Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on cardiovascular disease risk factors in smokers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 76: 1249-1255.
Pereira, D.I.A., Gibson, G.R., 2002. Effects of consumption of probiotics and prebiotics on serum lipid levels in humans. Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 37(4): 259-281. indigenous food mixture on serum cholesterol levels in mice. Nutrition Research : 1071-1080.
Pereira, D.I.A., McCartney, A.L., Gibson, G.R., 2003. An in vitro study of the probiotic potential of a bile-salt-hydrolyzing Lactobacillus fermentum strain, and determination of its cholesterol-lowering properties. Applied Environmental Microbiology 69(8): 4743-4752. containing bifidobacteria in rats fed on a cholesterol-enriched diet. International Dairy Journal 15: 37-44.
Teitelbaum, J.E., Walker, W.A., 2002. Nutritional impact of pre- and probiotics as protective gastrointestinal organisms. Annual Review Nutrition 22: 138.