Mehmet ÖZKAN, Şeref TAĞI, Meltem TÜRKYILMAZ

Narın Farklı Bölümlerinin Polifenol İçeriği, Antioksidan ve Antibakteriyel Aktivitesi Üzerine Ekstraksiyon Çözgenlerinin Etkisi

Nar kabuğu, dilim zarı ve çekirdeklerinde bulunan polifenoller; aseton, aseton:su (70:30, v:v), metanol, etanol ve su ile 4?C'de 24 saat süresince ekstrakte edilmiştir. Nar kabuğu ve dilim zarında; gallik asit, punikalin, ?-punikalajin, ?punikalajin ve ellajik asit türevleri HPLC ile tanımlanırken, çekirdekte sadece elajik asit türevleri tanımlanmıştır. Nar kabuğu ve dilim zarının çok yüksek miktarda polifenol içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Nar kabuğu (r=0.967), dilim zarı (r=0.976) ve çekirdeklerden (r=0.972) elde edilen ekstraktların toplam polifenol miktarı ve antioksidan aktiviteleri arasında güçlü korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, en yüksek toplam polifenol madde miktarı ve antioksidan aktivite aseton:su (70:30, v:v) çözeltisiyle elde edilmiştir. Nar kabuğu ve dilim zarının yüksek antioksidan ve antibakteriyel aktivitesi punikalajinlerden kaynaklanmaktadır. Nar kabuğu ve dilim zarı Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus'a karşı antibakteriyel aktivite göstermiştir. Yüksek antioksidan ve antibakteriyel aktiviteleri nedeniyle, nar kabuğu ve dilim zarının sulu ekstraktları gıda katkısı ve koruyucusu olarak kullanılabilir.

Effects of Extraction Solvents on Polyphenol Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Pomegranate Parts

Polyphenols in rinds, membranes and seeds of pomegranates were extracted with acetone, acetone:water (70:30, v:v), methanol, ethanol and water for 12 h at 4?C. Gallic acid, punicalin, ?-punicalagin, ?-punicalagin and ellagic acid derivatives (EAD) were identified in rind and membrane, while only EAD were identified in seed by HPLC. The rind and membrane contained exceptionally high amounts of polyphenols. Strong correlations were found between antioxidant activity (AOA) and total polyphenol content (TPC) for the extracts of rind (r=0.967), membrane (r=0.976) and seed (r=0.972). Moreover, the highest TPC and AOA were determined in acetone:water (70:30, v:v) extracts. Punicalagins at high amounts in the pomegranate rind and membrane provided the highest AOA and antibacterial activity (ABA). The extracts of rind and membrane showed ABA against Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus. Water extracts of rind and membrane may be used as a food additive and preservative due to their high AOA and ABA.

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