YOLSUZLUK SOSYAL HARCAMALARI AZALTIYOR MU? GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELER İÇİN BİR ANALİZ

Kamusal gücün özel çıkar amacıyla kullanılması olarak tanımlanan yolsuzluk, özellikle gelişmekte olanülkelerde daha yaygın olarak görülmekte, bu çerçevede, söz konusu ülkelerin ekonomik büyüme, yoksulluk vegelir eşitsizliği sorunları ile mücadele performansına zarar vermektedir. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde kalkınma,yoksulluğun azaltılması ve gelir dağılımında adaletin sağlanması hedeflerine ulaşılmasında, sosyalharcamaların önemi, içsel büyüme teorisindeki gelişmelerle ön plana çıkmıştır. Sosyal harcamalarla,dezavantajlı ve yardıma muhtaç gruplara ayni ve nakdi yardım sağlanarak gelir eşitsizliği ve yoksulluk sorunuhafifletilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Ancak, yolsuzluk sosyal harcama düzeyini iki farklı kanaldan etkilemektedir.Bunlardan birincisi yolsuzluğun kamu harcama bileşimi üzerindeki etkisidir. İkinci kanal ise vergi gelirleridir.Bu noktada, yolsuzluk bütçe dengesini ve kamu harcama bileşimini bozarak sosyal harcama düzeyi üzerindeetkili olmaktadır. Buradan hareketle, çalışmada, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yolsuzluğun sosyal harcamalarüzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, 17 gelişmekte olan ülkenin 2012-2017 yıllarıarasındaki verileri kullanılarak panel veri analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, yolsuzluğun gelişmekte olan ülkelerdesosyal harcama düzeyi üzerinde negatif etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Does Corruption Reduce Social Spendıng? An Analysis For Developing Countries

Corruption, which is defined as the use of public power for private benefits, is more common, especially in developing countries. In this context, it damages the performance of these countries in the fight against economic growth, poverty, and income inequality problems. In developing countries the importance of social spending in achieving development, poverty reduction and income distribution goals has come to the fore with the developments in the endogenous growth theory. Income inequality and poverty problems are tried to be alleviated by providing in-kind and cash transfers to the disadvantaged and needy groups through social spending. However, corruption affects the level of social spending through two different channels. The first one is the impact of corruption on the composition of public spending. The second channel is tax revenues. At this point, corruption impairs the budget balance and public spending composition, and accordingly, its effect on the level of social spending. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of corruption on social spending in developing countries. In this framework, panel data analysis was employed by using data from 17 developing countries between 2012-2017. In the study, it was concluded that corruption negatively affected the level of social spending in developing countries.

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