Remzi ATLIHAN, Mehmet Salih ÖZGÖKÇE, Hsin CHI

Yaş ve Döneme Özgü, İki Eşeyli Yaşam Çizelgesi: Populasyon Ekolojisi, Biyolojik Savaş ve Zararlı Yönetiminin Temeli

Yaşam çizelgeleri, çok sayıda biyolojik parametrenin (hayatta kalma, gelişme, doğurganlık, vb.) bileşik etkilerini kapsamlı bir şekilde yansıttıklarından dolayı, popülasyon ekolojisi, biyolojik mücadele ve zararlı yönetimiyle ilgili araştırma yapan biyologlar ve diğer araştırıcıların kullanabileceği en güçlü araçlardan biridir. Dişiye ve yaşa özgü geleneksel yaşam çizelgeleri, erkek popülasyonunu ve dönem farklılaşmasını ihmal ettiği için kullanımları sıkça hatalara ve yanlışlara neden olur. Bu makale yaş ve döneme özgü, iki eşeyli (two-sex) yaşam çizelgesini kullanmanın nedenlerini ve avantajlarını tartışmak üzere hazırlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yaşam çizelgesi, İki eşeyli yaşam çizelgesi, Yaş-dönem

Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table: The Basis of Population Ecology, Biological Control and Pest Management

Because they are capable of providing an integrated and comprehensive description of numerous biological parameters (survival, development, fecundity, etc.) of a population, life tables are one of the most powerful tools available for biologists and other researchers conducting research on population ecology, biological control, and pest management. Since the traditional female age-specific life tables ignore the male population and stage differentiation, their use often results in errors and inaccuracies. This article was prepared to discuss the reasons and advantages of using the age-stage, two-sex life table.

Keywords:

Two-sex life table, Age-stage, Life table,

PDF

___

Atlihan R, Polat-Akköprü E, Özgökçe MS, Kasap İ, Chi H (2017). Population growth of Dysaphis pyri (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on different pear cultivars with discussion on curve fitting in life table studies. J. Econ. Entomol. 110(4): 1890-1898. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox174.Birch LC (1948). The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. J. Anim. Ecol. 17: 15–26.Carey JR (1993). Applied demography for biologists with special emphasis on insects. Oxford University Press, Inc. New York, NY.Chang C, Huang CY, Dai SM, Atlihan R, Chi H (2016). Genetically engineered ricin suppresses Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on demographic analysis of group-reared life table. J. Econ. Entomol. 109(3): 987-992.Chi H, Liu H (1985). Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bull. Inst. Zool., Acad. Sin. 24: 225-240.Chi H (1988). Life-table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals. Environ. Entomol. 17: 26-34. Chi H (2018a) TWOSEX-MSChart: a computer program for the age-stage, two-sex life table analysis. National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan. (http://140.120.197.173/Ecology/Download/Twosex-MSChart.rar).Chi H (2018b). CONSUME-MSChart: A computer program for the age-stage, two-sex consumption rate analysis. National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan (http://140.120.197.173/ecology/).Chi H (2018c). Timing-MSChart: A computer program for the population projection based on age-stage, two-sex life table. National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan (http://140.120.197.173/ecology/).Chi H, Getz WM (1988). Mass rearing and harvesting based on an age-stage, two-sex life table: a potato tuberworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) case study. Environ. Entomol. 17:18-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/17.1.18 Chi H (1990). Timing of control based on the stage structure of pest populations: a simulation approach. J. Econ. Entomol. 83: 1143-1150.Chi H, Yang TC (2003). Two-sex life table and predation rate of Propylaea japonica Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environ. Entomol. 32(2): 327-333.Chi H, Su HY (2006). Age-stage, two-sex life tables of Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and its host Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) with mathematical proof of the relationship between female fecundity and the net reproductive rate. Environ. Entomol. 35(1): 10-21.Chi H, Mou DF, Allahyari H, Yu JZ, Huang YB, Yang TC, Farhadi R, Gholizadeh M (2011). Finite predation rate: a novel parameter for the quantitative measurement of predation potential of predator at population level. In: Nature Precedings. Available from: .Efron B, Tibshirani RJ (1993). An Introduction to the Bootstrap. Chapman & Hall, New York, NY.Euler L (1760). “Recherches généales sur la mortalité et la multiplication du genre humain,” Histoire de l’Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres, année 1760, pp. 144-164. Berlin, (1767). [Translated by Nathan and Beatrice Keyfitz (1970) as "A general investigation into the mortality and multiplication of the human species" published in Theoretical Population Biology 1, 307-314.]Huang YB, Chi H (2013). Life tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae): with an invalidation of the jackknife technique. J. Appl. Entomol. 137: 327-339.Leslie PH (1945). On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika 33: 183-212.Lewis EG (1942). On the generation and growth of a population. Sankhya 6: 93-96.Lewontin RC (1965). Selection for colonizing ability. The Genetics of Colonizing Species (eds. H. G. Baker and G. L. Stebbins.) pp. 77-94. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.Lotka AJ (1907). Studies on the mode of growth of material aggregates. Am. J. Sci. 24:199-216.Özgökçe MS, Chi H, Atlıhan R, Kara H (2018). Demography and population projection of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on five pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. Phytoparasitica 46: 153-167.Yu JZ, Chi H, Chen BH (2013). Comparison of the life tables and predation rates of Harmonia dimidiata (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) at different temperatures. Biol. Control 64: 1-9.Yu JZ, Chen BH, Güncan A, Atlıhan R, Gökçe A, Smith CL, Gümüş E, Chi H (2018). Demography and mass-rearing Harmonia dimidiata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) using Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and eggs of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 111: 595-602. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy03