The War Financing and Income Transfers between Waqfs and the Central Treasury

17.yy sonlarında askerî seferler sonucu darlığa düşen Osmanlı Devleti hazinesi, gelirleri artırarakmali rahatlama sağlamak amacıyla, ilk akla gelen vergi düzenlemeleri, sikke basımı, tağşiş benzerimali tedbirlerin ötesine geçen tedbirlere başvurmuştur. Bir çok sultan ve vezir vakfı benzeri devasavakfın bütçe fazlalarının merkezî hazineye aktarılmakta olduğunu biliyoruz. Ancak, hazinenin malidarlığı aşmak ve askerî seferleri finanse etmek üzere vakıfların maaş ödemelerine e| koymak gibibir uygulamaya gitmesi, 17.yy sonlarında gerçekleşmiş bir ilktir. Bu durum hem Osmanlı Devleti'ndesavaş finansmanı açısından bir yeniliktir hem de vakıfların olağan iktisadi ve sosyal faaliyetleriüzerinde etkisi bakımından dikkate değer bir uygulamadır. Bu çalışma, söz konusu teşebbüsün uygulanmaaşamasını, mali boyutunu ortaya çıkarmak ve devletin tahsil edemediği meblağları dadefterler tutarak izlediğini göstermek üzere kaleme alınmıştır.

Vakıflar ve Merkez Arasında Gelir Aktarımları ve Savaş Finansmanı*

Towards the end of the 17th century, the Ottoman state treasury feII into financial difficulty dueto military campaigns. In order to increase revenues and provide relief to the treasury, it resortedto some financial measures in addition to their traditionally first choices such as Ievying war-timetaxes and coin debasement. It is known that many sultanic and vizierate waqfs forwarded theirbudget surplus to the central treasuries. However, seizing the assigned salary payments of thewaqfs personnel, was completely new remedy for the relief offinancial hardship and the financeof military campaigns. This financial measure was an innovation for the financing of war in theOttoman Empire and it merits attention due to its impact on the usual course of economic andsocial activities and the functions of the waqf institutions. The present study tries to reveal thestages and economic aspect of this financial measure.

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