M. Hakan ÖZER

Jonagold Elma çeşidinin kontrollü atmosferde (KA) muhafazası

Jonagold çeşidinin kontrollü atmosferde (KA) muhafaza imkanının belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülen bu çalışmada, hasat edilen meyveler birkaç saat içerisinde soğuk hava deposuna getirilerek, içlerindeki atmosfer bileşimlerinin kontrol edilebildiği 120 l hacmindeki plastik kabinlere yerleşti-rilmiştir. Ön soğutmanın tamamlanmasından sonra, Jonagold çeşidi meyve-ler 0+0.5$circ$ C sıcaklık ile %90-95 nispi nem (n.n.) koşullarında farklı atmosfer bileşimlerinde [%$CO_2$:%$O_2$-0:21 (kontrol), 3:1, 3:1.5, 3:2, 3:2.5] depolanmıştır. Muhafaza süresi sonunda meyveler raf ömrü durum tespiti amacıyla 20±2$circ$C sıcaklık ve %60-65 n.n. koşullarında 5 gün süreyle bekletilmiştir. Muhafaza süresince belirli dönemlerde ve raf ömrü sonunda alınan örneklerde bazı fiziksel ve biyokimyasal analizler [ağırlık kaybı (%), solunum hızı (mg$CO_2$/kgh), pH, titre edilebilir asit (ta) (%), suda eriyebilir kuru madde (sekm) (%), meyve eti sertliği (mes) (Ib), pektin ester az aktivitesi (pe) (ml/h), meyve kabuk rengi (L, a, b)] yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, tüm KA uygulamaları normal atmosfer (NA) koşulu ile karşılaştırıldığında çok daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Bununla birlikte, Jonagold çeşidinin KA muhafazası için 3:1.5 atmosfer bileşiminin diğer uygulamalardan da iyi olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

yanıklık, kontrollü atmosferde depolama, raf ömrü, elma, depolama

Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage of apple ev. "Jonagold"

In order to determine the possibility of controlled atmosphere (CA) storage ofcv. Jonagold, following the harvest, fruits were transported to the cold storage within a few hours and they were placed in plastic cabinet of 120 l volume in which inner atmosphere could be controlled. Having com-pleted the precooling treatment, fruits cv. "Jonagold" were stored at 0+0. 5$circ$C and 90-95 % RH storage conditions under different atmosphere combinations [$CO_2$ %:$O_2$ %-0:21 (control), 3:1, 3:1.5, 3:2, 3:2.5]. After the storage period, they were kept at 20±2°C and 60-65 % RH for 5 days so as to determine their shelf life situations. Some physical and biochemical analyses [weight loss (%), respiration rate (mg$CO_2$/kgh), pH, titratable acidity (ta) (%), soluble solids (wss) (%), fruit flesh firmness (fff) (Ib), pectin esterase activity (ml/h), fruit skin colour (L, a, b)] were conducted in the samples taken at certain intervals during storage period and at the end of shelf life period. Consequently, all CA applications gave much more successful result compared with normal atmosphere (0:21-control). Moreover, among CA applications, 3:1.5 atmosphere combination was determined to be better than the others for CA storage ofcv. "Jonagold".

Keywords:

blight, controlled atmosphere storage, shelf life, apples, storage,

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