Ş.Şule GEZEN, Faruk BALCI, Mustafa EREN, Fatih ORHAN

Yumurta tavuğu yemlerine klinoptilolit katkısının yumurta verimi ve kalitesine etkisi

Bu araştırma farklı düzeyde kalsiyum içeren yumurta tavuğu yemlerine klinoptilolit katkısının yaşlı tavukların yumurta verimi,( yumurta kabuk kalitesi, tibia külü ve dışkı kuru maddesi üzerine etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Altı hafta süren bu çalışmada toplam 96 adet 72 haftalık yaşta Lohmann-Kahverengi yumurta tipi tavuk kullanıldı ve tavuklar 4 ana gruba ayrıldı. Ayrıca her ana grup, her biri 6 adet tavuk içeren 4 alt gruba ayrıldı. Deneme grupları Kontrol 1, %3.5 Ca; Kontrol 2,"%4.2 Ca; Grup 1, %3.5 Ca+%1.0 klinoptilolit; Grup 2, %3.5 Ca +%2.0 klinoptilolit içerecek şekilde düzenlendi. Klinoptilolit Manisa-Türkiye yöresinden elde edildi. Deneme sonunda 2. Grubun ortalama yumurta ağırlığı diğer gruplardan önemli derecede yüksek bulundu (P

Anahtar Kelimeler:

kalsiyum, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta kalitesi, kümes hayvanları, klinoptilolit, yumurta, yumurta kabuğu kalitesi, yem katkı maddeleri, kül, yumurta tavuğu, yumurtlama performansı, tibia

The effect of clinoptilolite suplementation to laying hen diets on egg performance and quality

This study was performed to investigate the effects of clinoptilolite suplementation to laying hen diets including different levels of calcium on tibia ash, litter dry matter, performance and eggshell quality in old laying hen. Six weeks study was conducted using a total of 96 seventytwo weeks old Lohmann-Brown layers and layers divided four main groups. Also, each main groups divided again into 4 replicate groups each containing 6 hens. Experimental groups were arranged to containing Control 1, 3.5% Ca; Control 2, 4.2% Ca; Group 1, 3.5% Ca+1.0% clinoptilolite; Group 2, 3.5 % Ca +2.0% clinoptilolite..Clinoptilolite was mined from Manisa-Turkey. At the end of study, average egg weight of Group 2 was found significantly higher (P<0.001) than other groups. Also, litter dry matter of Group 1 and Group 2 were determined significantly high (P<0.01) than Control 1 and 2. No significant differents were noted between other parameters.

Keywords:

calcium, egg weight, egg quality, poultry, clinoptilolite, eggs, egg shell quality, feed additives, ash, hens, laying performance, tibia,

PDF

___

1. A.O.A.C. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 14th Ed. Inc, Arlington, Virginia, 1984.

2. ALTAN A, ALTAN Ö, ALÇİÇEK A, NALBANT M, AKBAŞ Y. Tavukçulukta Doğal Zeolit Kullanımı: I. Altlığa Zeolit İlavesinin Etlik Piliç Performansı, Altlık Nemi ve Amonyak Konsantrasyonu Üzerine Etkileri, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fak. Derg., 1998; 35 (1-2-3): 25-32.

3. BALEVİ T, COŞKUN B, ŞEKER E, KURTOĞLU V. Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Katılan Zeolitin Verim Performansına Etkisi, Vet. Bil. Derg., 1998; 142: 71-76.

4. BALLARD R, EDWARDS HM. Effects of Dietary Zeolite and Vitamin A on Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Chicken, Poult Sci., 1988; 67: 113-119.

5. BERIOS I, CASTROU M, CARDENAS M. Zeolite Inclusion in the Feeds for Laying Hens Fed Ad Libitum, Cuban J. Agric. Sci., 9 Ref., 1983; 17(2): 169-174.

6. ELLIOT MA, EDWARDS HM. Comparison of the Effects of Synthetic and Natural Zeolite on Laying Hen and Broiler Chicken Performance, Poult Sci., 1991; 70: 2115-2130.

7. GEZEN ŞŞ, EREN M. Karma Yemlere Katılan Narasin ve Nikarbazinin, Zeolit ile Etkileşiminin Etlik Piliçlerin İnce Barsak Ağırlığı, Tibial Diskondroplazi, Tibia Külü ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri, Uludag Univ. J. Fac. Vet. Med., 2002; 21: 49-57.

8. HARTEL H. Relations Between N-Corrected Metabolisable Energy and Nutrient Content of Feeds For Chickens, Arch. Geflugelkd., 1977; 41: 152-182.

9. KARAPINAR N. Atık Sulardaki Bazı Metal Katyon ve Boyar Maddelerin Zeolitle Tutulması, Doktora Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, 1998.

10. KESHAVARZ K, MCCORMICK CC. Effect of Sodium Aluminosilicate Oyster Shell and Their Combinations on Acid-Base Balance and Eggshell Quality, Poult Sci., 1991; 70: 313-325.

11. LEACH RM, BURDETTE JH. Influence of Dietary Calcium on the Pathological Lesion Associated with Endochondral Bone Formation, Fed. Proc., 1987; 46: 887 (Abstr.)

12. MILES RD, HARMS RH, LAURENT SM. Influence of Sodium Zeolite A on Laying Hen Performance, Nutr. Rep. Int., 1986; (34)6: 1097- 1103.

13. MUMPTON FA, FISHMAN PH. The Application of Natural Zeolites in Animal Science and Aquaculture, J. Anim. Sci., 1977; 45(5): 1188- 1203.

14. NAKAUE HS, KOELLIKER JK. Studies with Clinoptilolite in Poultry 1. Effect of Feeding Varying Levels of Clinoptilolite (Zeolite) to Dwarf Single Comb White Leghorn Pullets and Ammonia Production, Poult. Sci., 1981; 60(5): 944-949.

15. OLVER MD. Effect of Feeding Clinoptilolite (zeolite) on the Performance of Three Strains of Laying Hens, Br. Poult. Sci., 1997; 38(2): 220-222.

16. OLVER MD. Effect of Feeding Clinoptilolite to Laying Hens. S. African J. Anim. Sci., 1988; 13(2): 107- 110.

17. OLVER MD. Effect of Feeding Clinoptilolite (zeolite) to Three Strains of Laying Hens. Br. Poult. Sci., 1989; 30(1): 115- 121.

18. ÖZTÜRK E, ERENER G, SARICA M. Influence of Natural Zeolite on Performance of Laying Hens and Egg Quality, Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 1998; 22(6):623-628.

19. POND WG, MUMPTON FA. Zeo-Agriculture, Use of Natural Zeolites in Agriculture and Aquaculture. International Committee on Natural Zeolites, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, 1983.

20. QUERLES CL. Zeolites. A New Ingredient May Cut Calories Needed to Produce Poultry Red Meat, Feedstuffs, 1985; 7: 35-36.

21. RABON HW, ROLAND DA, BRYANT MM, SMITH RC, BARNES DG, LAURENT SM. Absorption of Silicon and Aluminum by Hens Fed Sodium Zeolite A with Various Levels of Dietary Cholecalciferol, Poult. Sci., 1995; 74: 352-359.

22. RADOVIC V, RAJIC I, RADOVANOVIC T. Influence of Diets Containing Zeolites For Laying Isa Brown Hens and Its Influence on Egg Production, Zivinarstvo, 1998; 33(6); 147-153.

23. ROLAND DA. Research Note: Eggshell Problems, Estimates of Incidence and Economic Impact, Poult. Sci., 1988; 67: 1801-1803.

24. ROLAND DA, DORR PE. Beneficial Effect of Synthetic Sodium Aluminosilicate on Feed Efficiency and Performance of Commercial Leghorns, Poult. Sci., 1989; 68: 1241-1245.

25. ROLAND DA, LAURENT SM, ORLOFF HD. Shell Quality as Influenced by Zeolite with High Ion- Exchange Capability, Poult. Sci., 1985; 64: 1177-1187.

26. ROLAND DA. Further Studies of Effects of Sodium Aluminosilicate on Egg Shell Quality, Poult. Sci., 1988; 67: 577-584

27. SHEPPARD RA. Characterization of Zeolitic Materials in Agricultural Research, International Committee on Natural Zeolites, 1983.

28. SÜMBÜLLÜOĞLU K. Bioistatistik, 6. Baskı, Özdemir Yayıncılık, Ankara, 1995.

29. ŞENEL HS. Interrelationship and Effects of Calcium and Vitamin D on Growth, Feed Efficiency and Bone Ash Weanlingrats, Ankara Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., Ankara Üniv. Basımevi, 1968; 15:1.

30. TSERVENI G, YANNAKOPOULOS AL, KATSAOUNIS NK, FLIPPIDES A, KOSSOLIFOURNARAKI A. Some Interior Egg Characteristics as Influenced by Addition of Greek Clinoptilolitic Rock Material in Hen Diet, Proceeding of the VII. European Symposium on the Quality of Egg and Products, Poland pp., 1997; 68-73.

31. VOGT H, ANKE M, GROPPEL B, GURTLER H, GRUN M, LOMBECK I, SCHNEIDER HS. Silicates in Layer Diets, 12 Arbeitstagung Leipzig, 12-13 December, 1991, 304-309.

32. WATKIN KL, SOUTHERN LL. Effect of Dietary Sodium Zeolite A and Graded Levels of Calcium on Growth, Plasma and Tibia Characteristics of Chicks, Poult Sci., 1991; 70: 2295-2303.

33. WATSON I. Minerals in Animal Feedstuffs, Industrial Minerals, 1982; 2: 25-33.

34. YALÇIN S, ERGÜN A, ÇOLPAN İ, KÜÇÜKERSAN K. Zeolitin Yumurta Tavukları Üzerindeki Etkileri, Lalahan Araş. Enst. Derg., 1987; 27(1-4).