OSMANLI BALKAN HAKİMİYETİNDE GELİBOLU'NUN STRATEJİK ÖNEMİ

Her nekadardünyanın farklı coğrafyalarında ve farklı zamanlarda birçok Türk devleti kurulmuş olsa da, en son Türk hakimiyeti Anadolu şeklinde isimlendirilen coğrafyada vuku bulmuştur. Ancak Selçuklu Devletinin zayıflayıp ortadan kalkmasıyla birlikte, Türk devlet mirası konusunda kendisinden sonar bağımsız şekilde hareket edebilen Türk Beylikleri coğrafyasında Türk kimliği mirasını üzerinde taşıyan Türkmen beyliklerinden Osmanoğulları Beyliği, devletleşmesürecinibatı Anadolu uç beyliği iken başlatmıştır.Bu sürecin sonunu, Osmanlı Beyliğinin civarındaki sebeplebölgesinde yer alan Bizans Devleti ve Karesi ile Karamanoğulları gibi beyliklerle ilişkilerine son derece dikkat etmiştir. Ayrıcabu genişleme süreci, devletlerinin kuruluşunu Bilecik-Sakarya-İzmit bölgesinde tamamlamalarıyla birlikte, ilk kez batıya yani Gelibolu'ya doğru yönelmiştir. Bu yöneliş başlangıçta basit bir genişleme olarak görülse de, asıl amacın bakir Balkan topraklarına ulaşıp siyasi bir güç haline gelmek olduğu açıktır. Böylelikle Osmanlılar açısından geniş ve verimli ovaları ifade eden Balkanlara ulaşmak için öncelik verilmesi gereken yer Gelibolu olmuştur. Osmanlı Beyliği Gelibolu'ya geçişleri ve ele geçirdikleri her toprak parçasıyla hem siyasi hem stratejik ilerleme katetmiştir. Bu vesileyle Osmanlıların Gelibolu'ya geçmesi, dünyaya bir cihan devleti olarak çıkacakları siyasi süreci hediye etmiştir. Böylelikle Osmanlıların, gerek Balkanlar gerekse de Doğu Avrupa'da hüküm sürmelerinin başlangıç noktası olması hasebiyle Gelibolu'ya geçişleri, üzerinde ayrıca durulması gereken bir konu durumundadır. Bu çalışmada da Osmanlıların kuruluş mıntıkalarındaki fetihleriyle birlikte, Gelibolu Yarımadasına geçişleri ve Gelibolu'nun Rumeli fütuhatındaki önemi hakkında bilgi verilecektir.

THE STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF GALLIPOLI FOROTTOMAN RULE IN BALKANS*

There is no doubt that Turkish states appeared in different times and places all over the world but the last Turkish rule dominated in the district called Anatolia. After the years following Seljuk's becoming weaker and being erased in the history, Turkish principalities became prominent in Anatolia. Ottoman principality, one of Turkmen principalities carrying the heritage of Turkish identity in Anatolia, started the process of becoming a state politically as a first time while it was a western Anatolia frontier principality. The final of the abovementioned process was determined by the relations of Ottomans with the other states and principalities nearby. Therefore, Ottoman principality was really careful about the relations with Byzantine, Karesi and Karamanogulları principalities that are in the same neighbourhood. Thus, Ottomans became effective in the area covering Bilecik-Sakaryaİzmit. Although the mentioned activities seem end kind of simple enlargement acts, it is clear that the real target behind was to turn face to fertile Balkan soil and become a political power in the area. In this regard, thereality of Ottomans' settling in Rumelia with the conquest of Gallipoli presented the political process of becoming a world-wide state. For the mentioned reasons above, Ottomans' landing on Gallipoli which is also a starting point for Ottomans to rule in both Balkans and Western Europe is a crucial topic that deserves to be paid attention on. In the current study, some significant comments were made to inform the importance of Ottomans' landing on Gallipoli in the primary conquest movements which enabled Ottomans to be a political state rather than a principality and the importance of Gallipoli in the conquest of Balkans.

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