Covid-19’un Türk Havayolu İşletmeleri Üzerindeki Etkilerine İlişkin Bir Swot Analizi

Çin’in Wuhan şehrinde ortaya çıkarak tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alarak bir pandemi haline gelen Covid-19 virüsü, tüm sektörleri olduğu gibi hava taşımacılığı sektörünü de ciddi anlamda etkilemektedir. Covid-19 pandemisi nedeniyle havayolu işletmeleri gelirlerinin çok büyük bir kısmını kaybederken, aynı zamanda maliyetlerinde de artış meydan gelmiştir. Gelirlerin kaybedilmesi ve maliyetlerin artmasına bağlı olarak birçok havayolu işletmesi finansal zorluk yaşamaya başlamış, bazı havayolu işletmeleri iflas ettiklerini açıklamış, bazıları da iflas etmemek için belirli sayıda çalışan ile yollarını ayırmak zorunda kalmıştır. Havayolu işletmeleri Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde gelir elde etmeye ya da rekabet avantajı elde etmeye değil, hayatta kalmaya çalışmaktadırlar. Dolayısıyla havayolu işletmelerinin hayatta kalabilmeleri için çeşitli stratejiler geliştirmeleri gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren havayolu işletmelerinin Covid-19 pandemisindeki SWOT analizleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve analiz sonuçlarına göre çeşitli stratejiler önerilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri akademik çalışmalar, işletmelerin faaliyet ve finansal raporları ve medyada yer alan haberlerden toplanmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda havayolu işletmelerinin çok az güçlü yönü olduğu görülmüştür. Buna karşın işletmelerin zayıf yönlerinin ve sektörel ve genel çevrelerinde ortaya çıkabilecek tehditlerin oldukça fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Tüm bunlara bağlı olarak havayolu işletmeleri için yolcu uçaklarının kargo taşımacılığı için kullanılması, yurtiçi ve yurtdışında bilgilendirme çalışmaları yapılması, düşük fiyatlı yakıtın hedge edilmesi, bölgesel uçakların değerlendirilmesi, uzun dönemli ve düşük faizli kredilerin araştırılması, filoda bulunan talep fazlası uçakların kiralanması ya da satılması, devlet desteği için lobi faaliyetleri yapılması ve yurtiçi destinasyonların sayısının artırılması gibi stratejiler önerilmiştir

A Swot Analysis on the Effects of Covid-19 on Turkish Airline Companies

The Covid-19 virus, which emerged in Wuhan, China and became an epidemic by affecting the whole world, seriously affects the air transport industry and all sectors. Due to the Covid-19 outbreak, airlines lost most of their revenues while their costs also increased. Due to the loss of revenue and increasing costs, many airlines began to face financial difficulties, while some airlines declared bankruptcy, others had to separate their way with a certain number of employees to avoid bankruptcy. Airline companies are trying to survive during the Covid-19 pandemic period, not to earn above average income or gain competitive advantage. Therefore, airlines need to develop various strategies to survive. In this study, the airline companies in Turkey, SWOT analysis was performed during an outbreak of Covid-19, various strategies have been proposed and analyzed according to the results. The data of the research were collected from academic studies, business activities and financial reports and news in the media. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that the strengths of the airline companies are very few. On the other hand, it seems that the weaknesses of the companies and the threats that may arise in their environment are quite high. Various strategies have been proposed based on the results of the analysis. Strategies such as the use of passenger planes for cargo transportation, domestic and international information activities, hedging low-price fuel, evaluating regional aircraft, long-term and lowinterest loans, lobbying for government support, renting or selling excess aircraft in the fleet, and increasing the number of domestic lines is recommended

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