ARIEL SHARON: A MAN OF PEACE OR A MAN OF WAR?

İsrail'in Filistinlilere ve genel olarak Araplara yönelik dış politikasının incelenmesinde İsrailli liderlerin analiz edilmesi önem taşımaktadır. 11 Ocak 2014 tarihinde 6 yıllık bir koma döneminin ardından hayatını kaybeden Ariel Sharon bu liderlerden birisidir. Sharon 1928 yılında dünyaya gelmiş ve asker ve politikacı olarak uzun kariyeri süresince İsrail'in en tartışmalı liderlerinden birisi olmuştur. Sharon bir savaş adamı olarak hayatını sürdürmüştür. Bu kapsamda, düşünce yapısı ve Araplara yönelik politikaları İsrail sağının önderi Vladimir Ze'ev Jabotinsky'den önemli oranda etkilenmiştir. Hayatı asker ve politikacı olarak İsrail ile Arap komşuları arasındaki çatışmanın etrafında şekillenmiştir. Ariel Sharon İsrail tarihindeki hemen her önemli olayda yer almıştır. İsrail'in yaptığı savaşlardan tek taraflı ayrılma planına kadar İsrail'in dış politikası ve geleceğinin şekillenmesinde önemli etkisi olmuştur. 2001 yılında İsrail'in yeni Başbakanı olarak seçilmesinin ardından, Araplara yönelik olumsuz tutumunu devam ettirmiş ve bu şekilde İsrail ile Arap devletleri arasındaki çözülebileceğine olan inancını ortaya koymuştur. Bu kapsamda, Filistinli Arapların en temel ihtiyaçlarını bile gözardı etmiştir. Sharon, Yahudi halkının büyük çoğunluğu tarafından önemli bir asker ve politikacı olarak hatırlanacaktır. Ancak, Araplar onu Arap halkının en tehlikeli düşmanlarından biri olarak kabul etmeye devam edeceklerdir. Bu nedenle Sharon'un bir lider olarak incelenmesi İsrail'in Filistinliler ve genel olarak Araplara yönelik politikasının anlaşılması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da bir lider olarak Ariel Sharon'un İsrail ile Araplar arasındaki ilişkilere olan etkisinin incelenmesidir

ARİEL SHARON: BARIŞTAN MI, YOKSA SAVAŞTAN MI YANAYDI?

Examining Israeli leaders is important to understand Israeli foreign policy toward the Palestinians, and the Arabs in common. Ariel Sharon who died on 11 January 2014 after eight years in a coma was one of those leaders. Ariel Sharon was born in 1928. He was one of the most famous soldier-politicians of Israel. He was one of Israel’s most controversial figures. His long career as a soldier and politician largely revolved around the conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbours. Sharon was a man of war and the roots of Sharon’s thinking about the Arabs went back to Vladimir Ze’ev Jabotinsky, the father of the Israeli (Zionist) right (Likud ideology). Ariel Sharon was present or involved in practically every seminal moment in Israel’s history. From Israel’s wars to politics and the disengagement plan, Sharon has played a highly significant role in shaping Israel’s foreign policy and its future. After he was elected as the new Prime Minister of Israel in 2001, Sharon followed an offensive strategy against Palestinian Arabs. He believed that only the use of force was a solution. That’s why an analysis of Sharon is important for understanding Israel’s policy towards Palestinians and Arabs in general. The purpose and the main topic of present study are to examine Ariel Sharon and his views, and their effects to the relations between Israel and Arabs

PDF

___

ABDULLAH, Daud (2014). “Settlements Give the Game Away; Israel Wants All of the West Bank,” Middle East Monitor, 13 February 2014, https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/resources/commentary-and-analysis/9737-settlementsgive-the-game-away-israel-wants-all-of-the-west-bank.
ALON, Gideon (2006). “MK Levy to Ask Panel to Award Israel Prize to Gaza Evacuees,” Haaretz, 26 October 2006, http://www.haaretz.com/news/mk-levy-to-ask-panel-to-award-israel-prize-togaza-evacuees-1.203426. “Ariel Sharon,” Jewish Virtual Library, https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/sharon.html.
“Ariel Sharon,” Prime Minister’s Office of Israel, http://www.pmo.gov.il/English/History/PastPMM/Pages/ArielSharon.aspx.
“Ariel Sharon Is Nominated for Israel Prize,” 24 October 2006, http://www.ariel-sharon-lifestory.com/22-Ariel-Sharon-Israel-Prize-Nomination-October-2006.shtml.
ARONOFF, Yael S. (2010). “From Warfare to Withdrawal: The Legacy of Ariel Sharon,” Israel Studies, 15(2) (2010), p.149-172.
BENVENISTI, Meron (1984). The West Bank Data Project: A Survey of Israel’s Policies, Washington, American Enterprise Institute.
BRENNER, Lenni (1984). The Iron Wall Zionist Revisionism from Jabotinsky to Shamir, London, Zed Books.
COWELL, Alan (2005). “Among West Bank Settlers, Resignation and Resentment,” The New York Times, 27 February 2005, http://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/27/international/middleeast/27settlers.html?_r=0.
CROMPTON, Samuel Willard (2007). Modern World Leaders Ariel Sharon, New York, Chelsea House Publishers.
GUNAYDIN, Neslihan (2015). “The Phenomenon of ‘Homelessness’ from the Jews to the Palestinians,” TURKISH STUDIES-International Periodical For The Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, ISSN: 1308-2140, 10(8) (Spring 2015), www.turkishstudies.net, Doi Number: 10.7827/TurkishStudies.8305, p.1247-1258.
INBAR, Efraim (1991). War and Peace in Israeli Politics: Labor Party Positions on National Security, Boulder, Lynne Rienner Pub.
INBAR, Efraim (2008). Israel’s National Security Issues and Challenges Since the Yom Kippur War, New York, Routledge. “Israel and the Occupied Territories: Under the Rubble: House Demolition and Destruction of Land and Property,” Amnesty International, http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE15/033/2004/en/24cc1bb1-d5f6-11dd-bb24- 1fb85fe8fa05/mde150332004en.html.
JONES, Clive and Emma C. MURPHY (2002). Israel Challenges to Identity, Democracy and the State, New York, Routledge.
KLIEMAN, Aaron S. (1990). Israel and the World after 40 Years, New York, Pergamon-Brassey’s International Defense Publishers.
KNOWLTON, Brian (2002). “Sharon is Praised as ‘a Man of Peace’: Bush Asserts Israel Meets His Timetable,” The New York Times, 19 April 2002,
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/19/news/19iht-prexy_ed3_.html.
LIS, Jonathan (2014). “Ariel Sharon, Former Israeli Prime Minister, Dies at 85,”Haaretz, 11 January 2014,
http://web.archive.org/web/20140111174341/http://www.haaretz.com/news/national/ 1.546747.
MAKOVSKY, David (2004). “How to Build a Fence,” Foreign Affairs, March/April 2004, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59709/david-makovsky/how-to-build-a-fence.
MANSOUR, Camille (2002). “The Impact of 11 September On The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict,” Journal of Palestine Studies, 31(2) (2002), p.5-18.
MYRE, Greg (2005). “Cabinet Ratifies Gaza Pullout,” The New York Times, 21 February 2005, http://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/21/international/middleeast/21mideast.html?ref=natansharan sky.
MYRE, Greg (2014). “A Feud That Lasted A Lifetime: Ariel Sharon Vs. Yasser Arafat,” Parallels, 11 January 2014, http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2014/01/11/261390545/a-feud-that-lasted-alifetime-ariel-sharon-vs-yasser-arafat.
PARKINSON, Brian R. (2007). “Israel’s Lebanon War: Ariel Sharon and ‘Operation Peace for Galilee’,” Journal of Third World Studies, XXIV(2) (2007), p.63-84.
PELEG, Ilan (1987). Begin’s Foreign Policy 1977–1983 Israel’s Move to the Right, New York, Greenwood Publishing Group.
PELEG, Ilan (2004). “Israeli Foreign Policy under Right-Wing Governments: A Constructivist Interpretation,” Israel Studies Forum, 19(3) (2004), p.1-14.
PERLMUTTER, Amos (1982). “Begin’s Rhetoric and Sharon’s Tactics,” Foreign Affairs, (Fall 1982), p.67-83.
PIPES, Daniel (2004). “Jerusalem Syndrome,” The Jerusalem Post, 30 June 2004, http://www.saveisraelcampaign.com/atad/JihadArticlesDisplay.asp?article_id=530&article_des c=&article_title=&author=&.
POLLOCK, David (2014). “Ariel Sharon: From Warrior to Man of Peace at Last,” The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Policywatch 2190, 10 January 2014, 22 A. Murat AĞDEMİR Turkish Studies International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume 10/9 Summer 2015
http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/ariel-sharon-from-warrior-toman-of-peace-at-last.
“Quotations on Israeli Colony Expansion,” Negotiations Affairs Department Palestine Liberation Organization, http://www.nad-plo.org/print.php?id=52.
“Razing Rafah: Mass Home Demolitions in the Gaza Strip,” Human Rights Watch, October 2004, http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/rafah1004full.pdf.
REICH, Bernard and David H. GOLDBERG (2008). Historical Dictionary of Israel, Maryland, The Scarecrow Press.
RYNHOLD, Jonathan (2004). “Israel’s Fence: Can Separation Make Better Neighbors?,” Survival, 46(1) (2004), p.55-76.
RYNHOLD, Jonathan and Dov WAXMAN (2008). “Ideological Change and Israel’s Disengagement from Gaza,” Political Science Quarterly, 123(1) (2008), p.11-37.
SCHMEMANN, Serge (1996). “Sharon of Israel: Hawkish Talons as Sharp as Ever,” The New York Times, 25 May 1996, http://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/25/world/sharon-of-israel-hawkishtalons-as-sharp-as-ever.html.
SHARON, Ariel (2001). Warrior An Autobiography of Ariel Sharon, New York, Simon and Shuster Paperbacks.
SHARON, Ariel (1998). “Security and Coexistence: An Alternative Approach to Breaking the Deadlock between Israel and the Palestinians,” The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 13 May 1998, https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/security-andcoexistence-an-alternative-approach-to-breaking-the-deadlock-b.
SHLAIM, Avi (2000). The Iron Wall Israel and the Arab World, London, Penguin Books.
SHLAIM, Avi (2004). “Ariel Sharon’s War Against the Palestinians,” Logos, 3(3) (Summer 2004), http://www.logosjournal.com/issue_3.3/shlaim.pdf.
SHLAIM, Avi (1996). “The Likud In Power: The Historiography of Revisionist Zionism,” Israel Studies, 1(2) (1996), p.278-293.
SLAVIN, Barbara (2010). “Should Israel Become a ‘Normal’ Nation?,” The Washington Quarterly, 33(4) (2010), p.23-37.
SOFFER, Ari (2014). “Ariel Sharon Passes Away, Aged 85,”Arutz Sheva Israel National News, 11 January 2014, http://web.archive.org/web/20140111182224/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.a spx/176162#.U1eCtz1_sjZ.
SUSSER, Leslie (2004). “Why Ruby Lost His Sparkle,” The Jerusalem Report, 8 March 2004, http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-10030582.html.
WAXMAN, Dov (2006). The Pursuit of Peace and The Crisis of Israeli Identity Defending/Defining the Nation, New York, Palgrave Macmillan.