Özel Yeteneklilerin Eğitiminde Erken Müdahale Uygulamaları

Erken çocukluk döneminde bazı çocukların bilişsel, dil, psiko-motor ve sosyal beceriler ile müzik ve sanat alanında gelişimi daha ileri düzeyde olabilmektedir. Özel yetenekli olarak tanımlanan bu çocukların erken çocukluk dönemindeki özellikleri, yaşına göre ileri düzey kelime bilgisini kapsayan dil becerisi ile dili orijinal ve anlamlı şekilde kullanma becerisi, senkronize olmayan gelişim, duygusal hassasiyet, farklılıklara yönelik erken farkındalık, işbirlikli oyun oynama, oyunlarında alışılmadık nesneler kullanma, liderlik, gelişmiş mizah yeteneği, sorunlara duyarlılık, merak, bilişsel beceriler, üst bilişsel kontrol, akademik başarı, erken okumadır. Erken müdahale, küçük yaştaki çocukların gelişimini desteklemek üzere tasarlanmış çeşitli aktivitelerdir. Erken müdahale, genel olarak, çocuk ile ailenin güçlü yönlerinin ve ihtiyaçlarının kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi ile başlar. Çocuk geliştikçe, aktif izleme ve yeniden değerlendirmeye yönelik uygun desteklerin ve hizmetlerin sağlanması yoluyla genişler. Özel yeteneklilerin eğitiminde erken müdahale programlarına olan ihtiyacın öngörüldüğü ancak buna yönelik oldukça az çalışma yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bu ihtiyacın zamanla az da olsa giderildiğini ve Illionis Üniversitesi başta olmak üzere birbirinden farklı erken müdahale modellerine yer verilmeye başlandığını görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı özel yetenekli bireylerin erken dönemdeki özelliklerinden yola çıkılarak ihtiyaç duydukları erken müdahale yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi ve var olan ihtiyacın ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu doğrultuda erken çocukluk döneminde özel yetenekli çocukların özellikleri, eğitimi ve erken müdahale yaklaşımlarına yer verilmiştir.

Early Intervention in Gifted Education

The development of linguistic skills, motor skills, cognitive skills, academic skills, music and arts, and personal or interpersonal skills may be significantly ahead in some children in early childhood. The characteristics of these children, who are defined as gifted, in early childhood, language skills including advanced vocabulary according to age, and the ability to use the language in an original and meaningful way, asynchronous development, emotional sensitivity, early awareness of differences, playing cooperative games, using unusual objects in their games is leadership, enhanced humor ability, sensitivity to problems, curiosity, cognitive skills, metacognitive control, academic success, early reading. Early intervention is a variety of activities designed to support the development of young children. Early intervention generally begins with a comprehensive assessment of the strengths and needs of the child and family. As the child develops, it expands through the provision of appropriate support and services for active monitoring and reevaluation. It is seen that the need for early intervention programs is foreseen in the training of gifted, but a few studies has been done for this. It was observed that this need was met with a small amount of time, and different early intervention models, especially Illionis University, were introduced. In this direction, the aim of the study is to determine the early intervention methods they need and to reveal the existing needs, based on the early characteristics of gifted individuals.

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Turkish Studies - Educational Sciences-Cover
  • ISSN: 2667-5609
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2006
  • Yayıncı: ASOS Eğitim Bilişim Danışmanlık Otomasyon Yayıncılık Reklam Sanayi ve Ticaret LTD ŞTİ