Migration characteristics of the Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax, Pallas, 1814) in the Eastern Black Sea coasts and streams

Bu çalışma Doğu Karadeniz’de; Karadeniz alabalığının (Salmo trutta labrax) yayılım gösterdiği önemli akarsularda ve kıyısal bölgede yürütülmüştür. Dere ekotipi akarsu ortamında mevsimsel olarak üreme ve beslenme göçü yapmasına karşın, deniz ekotipi tatlısu ve deniz arasında belirli mevsimde yoğunlaşan göç hareketinde bulunmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; yumurtadan itibaren yaşamını akarsuda geçiren deniz ekotipine ait smolt bireyler, ilkbahar döneminde (martmayıs) akarsu ağızlarında smoltlaşmakta ve yaşamlarında ilk olarak denizel ortama geçiş yapmaktadır. Bir kısım balık ise sonbahar döneminde smoltlaşmaktadır. Karadeniz alabalığı ergin bireyleri nisan-haziran aylarında, akarsuya giriş yapmakta ve anaçların yumurta olgunlaşması sonbahar sonuna kadar tatlısu ortamında gerçekleşmektedir. Doğal ortamda üreme sonrasında tekrar denize dönüşleri, kasım-aralık ayları arasındaki bir dönemde olmaktadır. Elde edilen tüm bulgular değerlendirildiğinde, yıllardan beri Karadeniz alabalığı populasyonunun gerek aşırı avcılık, gerekse de yaşama alanlarının bozulması sonucunda yıpratıldığı ve stokların bu durumunun yeniden düzeltilmesi için yeni bir yönetim stratejisinin ve koruma programlarının hayata geçirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz kıyılarında ve akarsularında dağılım gösteren Karadeniz alabalığı (Salmo trutta labrax, Pallas, 1814)’nın göç özellikleri

This study was done on the main streams and coastal zone where Black Sea Trout is mainly distributed. Although fario ecotype has reproductive and alimental migration in streams, the marine ecotype migrates between freshwater and marine in certain seasons. According to the data obtained, the smolt individuals of the marine ecotype living in streams since spawn have smoltification in stream mouths in spring (March- May) and go to the sea first in their lives. Some fish have smoltification in autumn. Black Sea Trout spawner individuals pass to freshwater at a period between April and June and have egg maturation there by autumn. Their return to the sea following spawning is between November and December. The findings obtained indicate that Black Sea Trout population has been depleted due to overfishing and disruption of their habitats. As a result, a new management strategy and protection programmes are vital for the recovery of the stocks.

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Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences-Cover
  • ISSN: 1303-2712
  • Başlangıç: 2015
  • Yayıncı: Su Ürünleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü - Trabzon
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