Mehrajuddin WAR, Kareem ALTAFF, Mohammed Abdulkhader HANIFFA

Growth and survival of larval snakehead Channa striatus (bloch, 1793) fed different live feed organisms

Yılankafa balığı, Channa striatus, işlenebilir ve ticari ölçüde yavru üretimi ile yetiştiriciliği öncelikli olarak yapılması gereken önemli yerli balıklardan birisidir. Bu balığın larvalarının yetiştiriciliğinde uygun canlı yem sağlanması darboğaza girmiştir. Bu çalışmada larva dönemindeki yılankafa balıklarının kültür performansı dört hafta boyunca kopepodlar (Ceriodaphnia cornuta, Moina micrura ve Daphnia carinata) ve Artemia nauplii ‘nin tek başına ya da kopepodlar ile birlikte hazırlanan yem verilerek test edilmiştir. Artemia nauplii, C. Cornuta ve kopepod karışımı ilk hafta boyunca daha yüksek ağırlık artışı [sırasıyla (15,88±0,11 mg), (9,72±0,04 mg) ve (10,0±0,06 mg)] sağlamıştır. C. cornuta ve M. micrura 2. hafta süresince daha iyi ağırlık artışı [sırasıyla (12,88±0,21 mg) ve (11,90±0,09 mg)] göstermiştir. Son üç hafta balık yemi olarak kopepod karışımı verilen balıklar daha az kanibalizm ile birlikte daha iyi gelişme ve yaşamını sürdürebilme yetkinliği göstermişlerdir. Son iki hafta balık yemi olarak Artemia nauplii verilen balıklar daha fazla kanibalizm ile birlikte daha az gelişme göstermişlerdir. C. Striatus larvalarının erken evrelerinde hem kopepodlar ile tek başına hem de karışım halindeki diyetler ile beslenebilecekleri sonucuna varılmıştır. Kuluçkahanelerde yaygın olarak kullanılan Artemia nauplii’nin dışalıma bağlı egzotik bir tür olması ve yüksek fiyatı; larval üretimin daha yüksek maliyetini arttırmaktadır. C. Striatus’un erken evresinde kopepodların kullanımı larva üretimi için gerekli harcamaları düşürecektir. Yaş ve gelişim arttıkça, balığın daha büyük preyi tercih ettiği gözlemlenmiştir. Büyüyen balığa uygun yem sağlanması ile kanibalizm azaltılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

yaşayabilme, canlı ağırlık artışı, büyüme oranı, yamyamlık, yem formulasyonu, beslenme davranışı, kültür balığı, balık beslenmesi

Farklı canlı yemle beslenen larva dönemindeki yılankafa balığının Channa striatus (bloch, 1793) gelişimi

One of the important cultivable indigenous finfish which deserves immediate attention for commercial scale seed production and farming is the snakehead, Channa striatus. Provision of suitable live feed is the bottleneck in rearing larvae of this fish. Culture performance of larval snakehead was examined in the present study by feeding them with cladocerans(Ceriodaphnia cornuta, Moina micrura and Daphnia carinata) and Artemia nauplii as individual and mixed cladoceran diet(C. cornuta, M. micrura and D. carinata) for four weeks. Fish fed Artemia nauplii, C. cornuta and mixed cladocerans showed higher weight gain (15.88±0.11 mg), (9.72±0.04 mg) and (10.0±0.06 mg) respectively during the $I^{st}$ week. Fish fed C. cornuta and M. micrura showed better weight gain (12.88±0.21 mg) and (11.90±0.09 mg) respectively during the $2^{nd}$ week. Fish fed on mixed cladocerans showed better survival and growth with less cannibalism in the last three weeks. Fish fed Artemia nauplii showed less growth and more cannibalism during the last two weeks. It is concluded that C. striatus larvae could be fed cladocerans both individually as well as in mixed preparation during their early life stages. The nauplii of the brine shrimp Artemia which are extensively used in hatcheries are exotic and highly priced resulting in higher cost of seed production. Use of cladocerans for early larval rearing of C. striatus will reduce the expenditure for seed production. It is also observed that with the increase in age and growth, the fish prefers large sized prey than the smaller ones. Cannibalism can be reduced at different stages by providing prey of suitable size to the growing fish.

Keywords:

survival, liveweight gain, growth rate, cannibalism, feed formulation, feeding behaviour, fish culture, fish feeding,

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