Turist Rehberliği Bilgisinin Sistematik Analizi

Son yıllarda, belirli bir alanın yapısını ve o alanın sosyal yapılarını belirlemek için sosyal ağ analizi ve bibliyometrik analiz birlikte yapılmaktadır. Çalışmada turist rehberliği alanının yapısının bütünleşik olarak incelenerek bu alanın sosyal ağ yapısını ortaya koymak ve haritalandırmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, 1985-2019 yılları arasında turist rehberliği araştırmalarının evrimi, yazarlar ve kurumlar arası işbirliği ağı, araştırma temaları ve ortak atıf yapısı incelenmiştir. Veriler, Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection ve Scopus veri tabanlarından elde edilmiştir. 245 araştırma makalesi, merkezilik ölçüleri, Bonacich gücü, anahtar kelimelerin birlikte oluşumu ve ortak alıntı analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, başlıca dergileri, makaleleri, temaları, yazarları, kurumları, ülkeleri ve kurumlar ile yazarlar arasındaki işbirliği ağlarını tanımlamaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda alanın yükselme eğiliminde olduğu ve ağa katılan yazarların giderek arttığı görülmektedir. Ana kümelere öncü olan en yaygın anahtar kelimeler “tur rehberi’’, “turizm”, “rehberli tur’’ ve “yorumlama’’ iken ‘’küreselleşme, eğitim, temsiliyet ve eko turizm’’ anahtar kelimelerinin turist rehberliği alanında daha yerleşik temalar olduğu görülmektedir.

The Systematic Analysis of Tourist Guiding Knowledg

In recent years, social network analysis and bibliometric analysis have been performed together to determine the structure of a particular field and the social structures of that field. In this study, it is aimed to reveal and map the social network structure of this field by examining the structure of the tourist guidance field in an integrated manner. In the study, the evolution of tourist guidance research between 1985 and 2019, the cooperation network between authors and institutions, research themes and common citation structure were examined. Data were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection and Scopus databases. 245 research papers were analyzed using measures of centrality, Bonacich power, co-occurrence of keywords, and cocitation analysis. Research results identify major journals, articles, themes, authors, institutions, countries, and networks of cooperation between institutions and authors. As a result of the research, it is seen that the field is in a rising trend and the number of writers participating in the network is increasing. The most common keywords leading to the main clusters are “tour guide”, “tourism”, “guided tour” and “interpretation”, while the keywords “globalisation, education, representation and ecotourism” are more established themes in the field of tourist guidance is seen.

PDF

___

Anderson, E. W., Fornell, C., and Lehmann, D. R. (1994). Customer satisfaction, market share, and profitability: Findings from Sweden. Journal of Marketing, 58(3), 53–66.
Ap, J. and Wong, F. K.K (2001). Case study on tour guiding: Professionalism, issues and problems. Tourism Management, 22 (2001), 551-563.
Benckendorff, P. (2009). Themes and trends in Australian and New Zealand tourism research: A social network analysis of citations in two leading journals (1994–2007). Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 16(1), 1-15.
Black, R., Weiler, B., and Chen, H. (2019). Exploring theoretical engagement in empirical tour guiding research and scholarship 1980–2016: A critical review. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 19(1), 95-113.
Bonacich, P. 1972. Technique for analyzing overlapping memberships. H. L. Costner (Ed.), Sociological methodology. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Broadus, R. N. (1987). Toward a definition of “bibliometrics”. Scientometrics, 12(5-6), 373-379.
Chang, K. C. (2014). Examining the effect of tour guide performance, tourist trust, tourist satisfaction, and flow experience on tourists' shopping behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(2), 219-247.
Collins, V. R., 2000. Becoming a Tour Guide: The Principles of Guiding and Site Interpretation. Continuum: London and New York.
Dahles, H. (2002). The politics of tour guiding image management in Indonesia. Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (3), 783-800.
De la Hoz-Correa, A., Muñoz-Leiva, F., and Bakucz, M. (2018). Past themes and future trends in medical tourism research: A co-word analysis. Tourism Management, 65, 200-211.
Della Corte, V., Del Gaudio, G., Sepe, F., and Sciarelli, F. (2019). Sustainable tourism in the open innovation realm: A bibliometric analysis. Sustainability, 11(21), 1-18.
Durán Domínguez, A., Río Rama, M. D. L. C. D., and Álvarez García, J. (2017). Bibliometric analysis of publications on wine tourism in the databases Scopus and WoS, European Research on Management and Business Economics, 23 (2017), 8-15.
Figueroa-Domecq, C., Palomo, J., Flecha, M. D., Segovia-Perez, M., and Vico, A. (2017). Is the tourism and gender research area igniting: A bibliometric analysis. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 2(27/28), 173-175.
Fine, E. C., and Speer, J. H. (1985). Tour guide performances as sight sacralization. Annals of Tourism Research, 12(1), 73-95.
Galvagno, M., and Giaccone, S. C. (2019). Mapping creative tourism research: Reviewing the field and outlining future directions. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 43(8), 1256-1280.
García-Lillo, F., Úbeda-García, M., and Marco-Lajara, B. (2016). The intellectual structure of research in hospitality management: A literature review using bibliometric methods of the journal International Journal of Hospitality Management. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 52, 121-130.
Garrigos-Simon, F. J., Narangajavana-Kaosiri, Y., and Narangajavana, Y. (2019). Quality in tourism literature: A bibliometric review. Sustainability, 11(14), 1-22.
Garrigos-Simon, F. J., Narangajavana-Kaosiri, Y., and Lengua-Lengua, I. (2018). Tourism and sustainability: A bibliometric and visualization analysis. Sustainability, 10(6), 1-23.
Geva, A. and Goldman, A. (1991). Satisfaction measurement in guided tours. Annals of Tourism Research, 18, 177-185.
Grönroos, C. (1978). A service-orientated approach to marketing of services. European Journal of marketing. 12(8), 588-601.
Hansen, A. H., and Mossberg, L. (2017). Tour guides’ performance and tourists’ immersion: Facilitating consumer immersion by performing a guide plus role. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 17(3), 259-278. https://wftga.org/ (Erişim Tarihi: 15.12.2019)
Huang, S., Hsu, C. H., and Chan, A. (2010). Tour guide performance and tourist satisfaction: A study of the package tours in Shanghai. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 34(1), 3-33.
Jiang, Y., Ritchie, B. W., and Benckendorff, P. (2019). Bibliometric visualisation: An application in tourism crisis and disaster management research. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(16), 1925-1957.
Kaygalak-Çelebi, S., and Kırlar-Can, B. (2019). Bibliometric analysis of articles in the field of tourism guidance. International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 3(2), 213-223.
Köseoğlu, M. A., Rahimi, R., Okumuş, F., and Liu, J. (2016). Bibliometric studies in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 61, 180-198.
Liao, H., Tang, M., Luo, L., Li, C., Chiclana, F., and Zeng, X. J. (2018). A bibliometric analysis and visualization of medical big data research. Sustainability, 10(1), 1-18.
Mackenzie, S. H., and Kerr, J. H. (2013). Stress and emotions at work: An adventure tourism guide's experiences. Tourism Management, 36, 3-14.
Mak, A. H. N., Wong, K. K. F., and Chang, R. C. Y. (2011). Critical issues affecting the service quality and professionalism of the tour guides in Hong Kong and Macau. Tourism Management, 32 (6), 1442-1452.
Min, J. C. H. (2011). Tour guides and emotional intelligence. Annals of Tourism Research, 38 (2011), 309-330.
Min, J. C. H. (2012). A short-form measure for assessment of emotional intelligence for tour guides: development and evaluation. Tourism Management, 33 (2012), 155-167
Min, J. C. H. (2013). The relationships between emotional intelligence, job stress, and quality of life among tour guides. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19 (10), 1170-1190.
Mossberg, L. L. (1995). Tour leaders and their importance in charter tours. Tourism Management, 16(6), 437-445.
Mulet-Forteza, C., Genovart-Balaguer, J., Mauleon-Mendez, E., and Merigó, J. M. (2019). A bibliometric research in the tourism, leisure and hospitality fields. Journal of Business Research, 101, 819-827.
Mulet-Forteza, C., Martorell-Cunill, O., Merigó, J. M., Genovart-Balaguer, J., and Mauleon- Mendez, E. (2018). Twenty-five years of the Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing: a bibliometric ranking. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(9), 1201-1221.
Niñerola, A., Sánchez-Rebull, M. V., and Hernández-Lara, A. B. (2019). Tourism research on sustainability: A bibliometric analysis. Sustainability, 11(5), 1377.
Okumuş, B., Köseoğlu, M. A., and Ma, F. (2018). Food and gastronomy research in tourism and hospitality: A bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 73, 64-74.
Poudel, S., NyAUPANE, G. P., and Timothy, D. J. (2013). Assessing visitors preference of various roles of tour guides in the Himalayas. Tourism Analysis, 18(1), 45-59.
Räikkönen, J. (2014). Enabling experiences – the role of tour operators and tour leaders in creating and managing package tourism experiences. PhD. Turku School of Economics. Randall, C., and Rollins, R. B. (2009). Visitor perceptions of the role of tour guides in natural areas. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(3), 357-374.
Salazar, N. B., 2012. Community-based cultural tourism: Issues, threats and opportunities. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(1), 9–22.
Sánchez, A. D., Del Río, M. D. L. C., and García, J. Á. (2017). Bibliometric analysis of publications on wine tourism in the databases Scopus and WoS. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 23(1), 8-15.
Serrano, L., Sianes, A., and Ariza-Montes, A. (2019). Using bibliometric methods to shed light on the concept of sustainable tourism. Sustainability, 11(24), 6964.
Shen, Y., Morrison, A. M., Wu, B., Park, J., Li, C., and Li, M. (2018). Where in the world? A geographic analysis of a decade of research in tourism, hospitality, and leisure journals. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(2), 171-200.
Strandberg, C., Nath, A., Hemmatdar, H., and Jahwash, M. (2018). Tourism research in the new millennium: A bibliometric review of literature in Tourism and Hospitality Research. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 18(3), 269-285.
Vishwakarma, P., and Mukherjee, S. (2019). Forty-three years journey of Tourism Recreation Research: a bibliometric analysis. Tourism recreation research, 44(4), 403-418.
Weiler, B., and Black, R. (2015). The changing face of the tour guide: one-way communicator to choreographer to co-creator of the tourist experience. Tourism Recreation Research, 40(3), 364-378.
Weiler, B., Black, R., and Torland, M. (2014). Tour guiding research and scholarship: A review of 50 years of research. CAUTHE 2014: Tourism and Hospitality in the Contemporary World: Trends, Changes and Complexity, 1181-1185.
Yale, P. (1995). The business of tour operations. Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. Zerva, K. and Nijkamp, P. (2016). Tour guides as information filters in urban heterotopias: evidence from the Amsterdam Red Light District. Tourism Management Perspectives, 18 (2016), 42-50.
Zhang, H. Q., and Chow, I. (2004). Application of importance-performance model in tour guides’ performance: evidence from mainland Chinese outbound visitors in Hong Kong. Tourism management, 25(1), 81-91.