MEHMET ÇETİN, HATİCE ÖZAKTAN, Kaya BOZTOK

Örtü Toprağında Bulunan Bazı Yararlı Bakterilerin Kültür Mantarı Agaricus bisporus'un Gelişimi ve Verimi Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışma, örtü toprağının doğal florasında yer alan çeşitli bakterilerin Agaricus bisporus (Sylvan Hauser A15) hifleri ile arasındaki in vitro ve üretim koşullarındaki etkileşimlerini belirlemek ve mantar verimini nasıl etkileyeceğini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Örtü toprağı ve sağlıklı mantar şapkalarından toplam 32 adet bakteri (3 adet Gram (+) ve 29 adet Fluoresan Pseudomonas) izole edilmiştir. Bakterilerin A. bisporus misel gelişimi üzerine etkilerini görebilmek amacıyla yapılan in vitro çalışmalar sonucunda, 24 bakteri izolatının kontrole göre %2-115 oranında etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. In vitro çalışmaları sonucunda belirlenen bakterilerin, üretim koşullarında mantar verimi üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla 2008 yılı Mart, Mayıs ve Temmuz dönemlerinde olmak üzere 3 deneme kurulmuştur. Denemeler sonucunda bakteri izolatlarının toplam verimde, kontrole göre %8 - 40 oranında verim artışı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Bakteri izolatlarının örtü toprağına inokulasyonundan sonra, mantar yetiştirme periyodu boyunca populasyon yoğunluğu ve zamana bağlı olarak populasyon değişimleri belirlenmiştir. Buna göre; Pseudomonas fluorescens (T 4/2 ve Ş 8), P.putida (Ş 2/1 ve Ş 10) ve Bacillus mycoides (T 7/2) bakteri izolatlarının hem örtü toprağında hem de mantar şapkalarında başarıyla kolonize olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Effects of Some Beneficial Bacteria in Casing Soil on Growth and Yield of Cultivated Mushroom Agaricus bisporus

This research was carried out to determine the interaction between some bacteria naturally existing in casing soil and Agaricus bisporus (Sylvan Hauser A15) hypha in laboratory (in vitro) and cultivation (in vivo) conditions, and to confirm its effects on mushroom yield. Totally 32 bacteria (3 Gram (+) and 29 Fluorescent Pseudomonads) was isolated from casing soil and healthy sporophores. As a result of in vitro experiment carried out to determine the effects of bacteria on mycelium growth of A. bisporus, 24 bacterial isolates were found more effective at the rate of 2 to 115% than control treatment. To determine the effects of bacterium, chosen at the end of in vitro experiments, on mushroom yield in cultivation conditions, three experiments were established in March, May and July in 2008. At the end of experiments, bacterial isolates provided 8 - 40 % increase in total yield. Population density and change in population number related to time was observed during growing period, after the inoculation of bacterial isolates into casing soil. According to the results, Pseudomonas fluorescens (T 4/2 and Ş 8), P.putida (Ş 2/1 and Ş 10) and Bacillus mycoides (T 7/2) bacterial isolates were colonized successfully both in casing soil and sporophores.

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