Ayşenur YILMAZ, SİBEL YILDIZ, Ahmet ÇELİK, UĞUR ÇEVİK

Determination of Heavy Metal and Radioactivity in Agaricus campestris Mushroom Collected from Kahramanmaraş and Erzurum Proviences

Bu çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş ve Erzurum ilinden toplanan Agaricus campestris mantarlarındaki radyoaktivite ve ağır metal birikimleri belirlenmiştir. Radyoaktivite konsantrasyonları için HPGe gama dedektörü, ağır metal miktarlarının belirlenmesi için ise ICP-MS kullanılmıştır. Radyoaktif element olarak doğal (238U, 232Th 40K) ve yapay (137Cs) radyonüklit konsantrasyonları belirlenmiş ve mantarlardan dolayı alınan efektif doz değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Yetişme yerleri olan topraklarda da aynı ölçümler yapılmış, soğrulan dozlar ve yaşam boyu kanser riski hesaplanmıştır. Ağır metal olarak Mg, Al, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Pb206, Pb207 ve Pb208 miktarları belirlenmiştir. Erzurum'dan toplanan mantarlardaki 238U, 232Th, 40K aktivite konsantrasyonları sırasıyla 12,1 ± 0,8, 11,7 ± 0,9, 497,7 ± 17,8 Bq/kg olarak hesaplanmış ve 137Cs sistem tarafından ölçülememiştir. Kahramanmaraş' tan toplanan mantarlarda, 232Th ve 40K aktivite konsantrasyonları sırasıyla 13,4 ± 0,5, 134,9 ± 6,3 Bq/kg olarak hesaplanmış, 238U ve 137Cs aynı şekilde sistem tarafından ölçülememiştir. Mantarlardan dolayı alınan efektif doz Erzurum ve Kahramanmaraş için sırasıyla 75 ve 29 ?Sv hesaplanmış olup dünya ortalaması kabul edilen 290 ?Sv'den küçük bulunmuştur. Erzurum için soğrulan doz 37,39 nGy/saat, yaşam boyu kanser riski 16,5 x 10-5, Kahramanmaraş için soğrulan doz 30,92 nGy/saat, yaşam boyu kanser riski 13,3 x 10-5 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Her ağır metal için günlük alım miktarları belirlenmiştir. Radyoknüklit aktivite konsantrasyonları ve ağır metal birikim miktarları sağlığı tehdit edecek seviyede bulunmamış olup, yalnızca arsenik (As) miktarları (0,025 ve 0,039 mg/kg) her iki ilden toplanan mantarlarda da Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) ve Birleşmiş Milletler Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü'nün (FAO) gıda katkısı uzmanları topluluğunca hazırlanan ortak raporunda izin verilen üst limitten (0,015 mg/kg) bir miktar fazla bulunmuştur

Kahramanmaraş ve Erzurum'dan toplanan Agaricus campestris mantarlarının radyoaktivite tayini ve ağır metal miktarlarının belirlenmesi

In this study, radioactivity and heavy metals accumulations in Agaricus campestris mushroom collected from Kahramanmaraş and Erzurum provinces was determined. HPGe gamma detector was used for the determination of radioactivity concentrations. Heavy metal content was measured using a ICP-MS. As radioactive element; natural (238U, 232Th 40K) and artificial radionuclide (137Cs) concentrations were determined. The values of the committed effective dose were calculated. Same measurements were made in soils. Absorbed dose and excess lifetime cancer risk were calculated. Amount of Mg, Al, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Pb206, Pb207 and Pb208 as heavy metals of mushrooms were determined. 238U, 232Th, 40K activity concentrations of mushroom collected from Erzurum was determined as 12.1 ± 0.8, 11.7 ± 0.9, 497.7 ± 17.8 Bq/kg, respectively and 137Cs was not detected by system. 232Th and 40K activity concentrations of mushroom collected from Kahramanmaraş was determined as 13.4 ± 0.5, 134.9 ± 6.3 Bq/kg, respectively, 238U and 137Cs was not detected by system similarly. The value of the committed effective dose collected from Erzurum and Kahramanmaraş were calculated as 75 and 29 ?Sv respectively and these values were found lower than 290 ?Sv accepted as world average. Absorbed dose and risk of lifetime cancer for Erzurum was determined as 37.39 nGy/h, 16.5 x 10-5 ; absorbed dose and excess lifetime cancer risk for Kahramanmaraş was determined as 30.92 nGy/h, 13.3 x 10-5 respectively. Amount of daily intake for each heavy metal was calculated. Radionuclide activity concentrations and accumulations of heavy metal were not founded threaten level to healthy, except from arsenic As (0.025 and 0.039 mg/kg) in mushroom collected from both provinces. They were found a bit higher than upper limit (0.015 mg/kg) in report which is prepared World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) jointly.

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