Sevgi BAYDAR AKGÜN, Tülay BİLGİHAN BAYDAR

FARKLI BİR SİVİL DURUŞ: AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE ÇEVRECİ SİVİL TOPLUM HAREKETİ

Çevreci/yeşil hareket, 1980lerden itibaren, küresel ölçekte büyüyen bir sivil toplum türü olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Avrupa düzeyinde faaliyet gösteren çevreci gruplardaki üye sayısı, son yirmi yılda iki katından fazla artmıştır. Çalışan personel sayıları az ve kaynakları mütevazi olmasına rağmen, EEB (The European Environmental Bureau) veya Green 10 gibi örgütler sayesinde, koordine olarak Avrupa Birliği (AB) düzeyinde koalisyonlar oluşturabilmektedir. Bu örgütlerin koordinasyonu ve yardımı ile güçlerini harekete geçirmektedirler. Böylece, diğer çıkar grupları dışındaki sivil toplum türlerine nazaran politika oluşturma sürecinde çok daha etkili oldukları görülmektedir. Avrupa düzeyinde faaliyet gösteren ve daha iyi düzeyde mali kaynaklara sahip olan çevreci gruplar, çevre karar alma sürecinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ABde karar alma mekanizmasındaki Çevreci Sivil Toplum Kuruluşlarının (Ç-STK- Environmental Non-Governmental Organisations-ENGO) yapısı, stratejileri incelenmek suretiyle, ABdeki ekolojik yönetişim in unsurları değerlendirilmektedir. Ç-STKlar, ABdeki ekolojik yönetişim anlayışında kamu katılımının yeni bir türü olarak karşımıza çıkmakta, kamu katılımını artırmada ve politika oluşturma sürecinde önemli etkiye sahip olduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada ayrıca, Ç-STKlarının güçlü ve zayıf yönleri de tartışmaya açılmaktadır.

A DIFFERENT CIVIL PERSPECTIVE: ENVIRONMENTAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

The environmental movement has emerged as a growing part of civil society on a global scale since 1980s. The European environmental groupsmembership reached more than doubled over the past two decades. Although their number of staff is small and their resources modest, they are capable of building European level coalitions via coordinated organizations such as the EEB or Green 10. With the assistance and coordination of these organizations, they foster joint action forces among themselves. Thus, they have more influenced on policy formulation process than any other non-business interest organizations have had. The well-resourced European level environmental groups will take effective role on environmental policymaking. This study both evaluates the actual status of Environmental Non-Governmental Organisations (ENGOs) in the European Union (EU) decision-making mechanism and examines the characteristics of European ecological governance by looking into the strategies taken by ENGOs. It is considered that ENGOs are new form of public participation into the ecological governance in the EU and have enhanced public participation and have significant influence on the policy process. Moreover this study also will be designed to discuss the weaknesses and strengthens of the ENGOs in the EU.

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