TÜRKİYE’DE 1960 DARBESİ VE YENİDEN SİVİL YÖNETİME GEÇİLMESİNİN AMERİKAN BASININDAKİ YANSIMALARI

Demokrat Parti iktidar dönemi tarihi süreçte; siyasal, sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel alanda önemli etkiler yarattı. Demokrat Partinin on yıl içerisindeki uygulamaları, İktidar-muhalefet ilişkilerinde kırılmalar yaşatarak önemli sorunların çıkışına zemin hazırladı. İktidar ve muhalefet arasındaki şiddetli tartışmalar ülkede birtakım olayların çıkmasına yol açtı. Olayların büyümesi, Demokrat Partinin bazı tedbirleri almasını beraberinde getirdi. Demokrat Partinin, asayişsizlik ve usulsüzlükleri, sert tedbirler alarak bastırmak istemesi, ülkedeki huzursuzluğu daha da artırdı. Bu rahatsızlıkların sonucu olarak Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri askeri bir darbe yaparak iktidara el koyması ile Türkiye’deki çok partili siyasal hayat kesintiye uğradı. Türk Silahlı Kuvvetlerinin yönetime el koymasıyla berbaber ülkede yeni dönem başladı. Bu dönem içerisinde oluşturulan Milli Birlik Komitesi hem yeni anayasa hazırlarken hemde Demokrat Parti üyelerini yargıladı. Bu yönüyle, yeni dönem, askeri vesayet ve yeniden anayasal düzene dönüş çabasının yaşandığı bir süreç oldu. Bu çalışmada, 1960 askeri darbesi ve sonrasındaki gelişmelerin, Amerikan basını perspektifinden bir bakış açısı ile yansıtılması amaçlandı.

The Reflections of the 1960 Military Coup in Turkey and Re-Transition to Civil Administration in American Press

Democrat Party had important influences on each of political, social, economic and cultural domains as ruling Turkey between 1950 and 1960. In this period, Democrat Party’s implementations paved the way for essential political problems, expanding frictions and conflicts with their opponents, which would later cause bitter disagreements and even violent protests. All of these led Democrat Party to take strict measures against opponents with a view to clamping down on public disorder and rule infractions. On the contrary, public unrest increased more, and consequently the Turkish Armed Forces mounted a coup and overthrew the ruling party, causing an interruption in Turkey’s efforts to sustain a multi-party political system. A new era has begun in the country with the seizure of control of the administration by the Turkish Armed Forces. The new period that Turkish commanders ruled the country was marked by military tutelage and efforts on returning a civil constutional order. This article aims to reflect the perspective of American press on the political developments after the 1960 military coup.

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