MODERN RESİM SANATINDA JUDİTH BETİMLEMELERİ

Judith efsanesi, Eski Ahit ve Yeni Ahit arasında yazılmış 14 kitaptan biri olan “The Book of Judith” kitabında bahsedilmektedir. Resim sanatında Judith'in ilk tanınabilir tasvirleri, Napoli’de beşinci yüzyıl fresklerinde bulunmuş, bu tarihten günümüze çok zengin anlatımlara dönüştürülmüştür. Judith, kurtarıcı, güzel ahlak ve iffet timsali olarak tasvir edildiği gibi, büyük bir kılıç ile bütünleştirip, kahramanlığın, erdemliğin ve cesaretin alegorik bir anlatımı olarak, erkek egemenliğinin karşısına konmuş güçlü dişil bir kahraman olarak da betimlemiştir. Ayrıca Judith, cinsel bir kimliğe büründürülmüş, baştan çıkarıcı “femme fatale” alegorileri olarak da betimlendiği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, Judith efsanenin, modernizmle birlikte, geleneksel anlatım biçimlerinden ve mesajlarından nasıl uzaklaştığı ve değiştiği, sanatçıların eserleri üzerinden örneklerle anlatılmıştır. Görülmüştür ki, yirminci yüzyılda Judith efsanesi, kadın bedenine yüklenen farklı anlam ve yeni yaklaşımlarla ele alınmış, modernizmin “özgün” anlatım biçimleriyle betimlenmiştir. Judith tasvirlerinin, kanlı cinayetten erotizme pek çok sahneyi barındırdığı; konunun doğruluğundan daha çok heyecan, coşku ve merak uyandıran sahnelere dönüştüğü görülmüştür.

Judith Descriptions in Modern Painting Art

The legend of Judith, “The Book of Judith”, one of the 14 books written between the Old Testament and the New Testament, is mentioned in her book. The first recognizable depictions of Judith in the art of painting were found in the fifth century frescoes in Naples and have been transformed into rich expressions from this date to the present. Judith is depicted as the savior, the epitome of good morality and chastity, as well as a powerful feminine hero, who is combined with a great sword, and as an allegorical expression of heroism, virtue, and courage, opposed to male domination. In addition, Judith has been seen in a sexual identity, depicted as seductive allegories of "femme fatale". In this study, the Judith legend, along with modernism, has distanced and changed from traditional expression styles and messages, with examples through the works of the artists. It has been seen that, in the twentieth century, the legend of Judith has been handled with different meanings and new approaches ascribed to the female body, and has been described with the "original" expressions of modernism. Judith depictions include many scenes from bloody murder to eroticism; it was seen that the subject turned into scenes that arouse excitement, enthusiasm and curiosity rather than the accuracy of the subject.

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