CTESIAS'IN ANLATIMLARINDA NİNUS (NEMRUT)

M.Ö. 5. yüzyılda Knidosda doğan Ctesias, oldukça iyi bir eğitim almış ve hayatını hekimlik yaparak kazanan döneminin önemli simalarından biriydi. Yaklaşık olarak M.Ö. 400 yıllarında Pers ülkesine götürülerek kraliyet ailesine doktor olarak hizmet etmeye başlamıştır. Pers ülkesinde kaldığı dönemde yirmi üç kitaptan oluşan Asur ve Pers tarihlerini yazmıştır. Ninova kentinin kurucusu olan Ninus (Nemrut) hakkında Ctesias genişçe bahsetmiş ve onun anlatımlarını antik yazarlar tarafından sıkça kullanmıştır. Kendisinden önceki tarihçilerin eserlerinden alıntılar yaparak onların eksiklik ve yanlışlıklarını ortaya koymuştur. Ctesias'ın çalışmaları bize ulaşmasa da ondan alıntı yapan diğer Antik çağ yazarlarının eserlerinden anlatımları takip edilebilmektedir. Ctesias'ın anlatımları Hellenizim döneminden Ortaçağ'ın sonuna kadar Asur ve Pers tarihi için temel kaynak olarak görülmüştür. On dokuzuncu yüzyıldan itibaren Asur kentlerinde arkeolojik kazılar yapılıp çivi yazısı okunmaya başlayınca daha önceden büyük kabul gören Ctesias'ın anlatımların hatalı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ctesias'ın bahsettiği isimler ve olaylar o dönemin çivi yazılı belgelerinde rastlanmamış olması onun inandırıcılığına gölge düşürmüştür. Biz çalışmamızda antik yazarların metinlerini kıyaslayarak Ninusun hayatındaki önemli gelişmeleri açıklamaya çalışacağız.

Ctesias Descriptions of Ninus (Nimrod)

Ctesias born in Knidos around 5 B.C. received a good education and earned his life as a medical doctor was one of the well-known figures of his time. He was taken to Persia approximately in B.C. 400. He served as a medical doctor to the royal family. During this time in Persia, he wrote a twenty-three volume book about Assyrian and Persian histories. Ninus (Nimrod), who was the founder of Ninova city, was mentioned in great deal by Ctesias expressions which were greatly cited by ancient authors. Learning from ancient authors, Ctesias accounts have been important sources to understand Assyrian and Persian histories from Hellenistic Period to the Middle Ages. Reviewing previous historians, he found great number of mistakes and shortcomings from their works. Even though Ctesias texts didn t survive to reach to our days, he was greatly influenced by the ancient authors. In the 19th century, Assyrian archaeological excavations provided us with cuneiforms. These cuneiforms challenged Ctesias accounts and disqualified many of his accounts. Great number of names and events mentioned by Ctesias were not found in those cuneiforms. This has curtailed credibility of Ctesias. By comparing texts of ancient authors, this study will try to explain important events in the life of Ninus.

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