How to shape up conservation-led regeneration initiatives regarding community needs?

1990’ların sonlarından itibaren kentsel koruma ve canlandırma konularındaki tartışmalar, toplumsal ve topluluk odaklı konulara kaymaya başlamasına rağmen, kentsel koruma ve canlandırma projelerinin ne kadar topluluk ihtiyaçlarına, değerlerine ve önceliklerine göre şekillendirildiği araştırılması gereken önemli bir soru olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu makale, 1980’lerin başından günümüze bir taraftan küresel ve uluslararası sermayenin odağı haline gelen, diğer taraftan yoksulluk, toplumsal dışlanma, kutuplaşma ve parçalanma sorunlarının hızla arttığı, tarihi konut alanlarının soylulaştığı ve bu alanlarda yaşayan yoksul kesimlerin sorunlarıyla birlikte kentin başka bölgelerine taşınmaya zorlandığı bir kent olan İstanbul’daki tarihi konut alanlarına odaklanmaktadır; bu alanlardaki koruma amaçlı projelerin ne kadar yerel toplulukların ihtiyaçlarına, sorunlarına ve değerlerine cevap verecek biçimde şekillendirildiğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, Tarihi Yarımada’da Fener ve Balat (F-B) bölgesinde yaşayan yoksul grupları, sorun ve ihtiyaçlarını, ve bu alanın korunması ve canlandırılması için Avrupa Birliği (AB) tarafından finansmanı sağlanan ve uluslararası bir ortaklık aracılığıyla 2003-2008 yılları arasında yürütülen proje incelenmektedir. F-B koruma ve canlandırma projesinin güçlü ve zayıf yanlarının değerlendirilmesi yapılarak, Türkiye’de tarihi konut alanlarında yürütülecek koruma ve canlandırma projelerinin topluluk ihtiyaçlarına göre biçimlenmesi yönünde bazı temel ilkelere dikkat çekilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İstanbul

Koruma öncelikli kentsel canlandırma projeleri topluluk ihtiyaçlarına göre nasıl biçimlendirilebilir

Over the last three decades, historic housing areas with problems of social exclusion and urban deprivation have become one of the major concerns in urban regeneration, housing renovation and conservation projects. While the urban regeneration and conservation policies in the 1980s and 1990s were primarily based on the idea of property-led regeneration and mainly addressed economic and physical decline, the debate on urban regeneration and conservation policies has moved to social and community-related issues in the urban renewal process since the late-1990s (Healey et al., 1992; Turok, 1992; Imrie and Thomas, 1993; Cameron and Doling, 1994; Berry and McGreal, 1995; Jones and Watkins, 1996; Hill, 2000; Pagonis and Thornley, 2000; Roberts and Sykes, 2000; Audit Commission, 2001; Nelson, 2001; Vicari, 2001; Birch, 2002; European Union, 2002; Adair et al., 2003; Imrie and Raco, 2003; Madanipour et al., 1998). Despite the shift in the emphasis of the policies towards social and community-related issues, it is still questionable how far the recent regeneration efforts in historic housing areas address the community needs and integrate the aspirations, preferences and values of local residents living in or adjacent to these project areas.

Keywords:

Istanbul,

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