Hadith and islamic law: The role of preunderstandings in hadith interpretation

Hadis Metinlerinin Anlaşılmasında “Ön-anlama”nın Etkisi

Hadis ve islam hukuku : hadis metinlerinin anlaşılmasında “ön-anlama”nın etkisi

In this study we are planning to discuss the importance of the preunderstandings on the interpretation process of hadith narrations in Islamic Law. By this perpective firstly, importance of interpretation in law will be discussed and through the notion of `pre-understanding`, the problem of understanding and interpretation in Islamic Law will be focused. Secondly, text-based pre-understanding problem will be argued. Under this title, Hadith narrations will be approached in terms of their styles and the affects of these narration styles on the judgement process will be evaluated. Then, thirdly, pre-understandings of the reader will be taken into consideration and their affects on the judgement process will be assessed. Finally, essay will be concluded by an evaluation on the problem of interpretation and over-interpretation of the text -specifically hadith text- in Islamic Law.

___

  • Al-Adawi, Ali b. Ahmed b. Mükerremillah al-Saidi, Hâşiyetü'l-Adevi ala Kifayeti't-Talibi'r-Rabbani, (I-II), Beirut: Dârü'l-Fikr, n.d.
  • Al-Amidi, Sayf al-Din, al-Ihkam fi Usul al-Ahkam, (I-III), Cairo: Muhammad Ali, Subayh, 1968.
  • Abu Davud al-Sijistani, Sunan Abu Dawud, Riyadh: al-Maktabatu al-Rushd, 2003. (cited by chapter, subchapter system.)
  • Abu al-Husayn al-Basri, Kitab al-Mu’tamad fi Usul al-Fiqh, edts.: M. Hamidullah, M. Nekir, H. Hanafi, Damascus: 1964.
  • Abou El-Fadl, Khaled, Speaking in God’s Name Islamic Law, Authority and Women, Oxford: Oneworld, 2001.
  • Al-Aynî, Badruddîn Ebû Muhammed Mahmud b. Ahmed b.Musa al-Hanefi Um- detu’l-Kâri, (I-XX), Kahire: 1972.
  • Awwame, Muhammed, Eseru’l-Hadis al-Sharif fi Ihtilafi Aimmeti’l-Fukaha, Kahire: Daru’s-Selâm, 1987.
  • Azami, M. M., Studies in Early Hadith Literature, American Trust Publications, 2001.
  • Baderin, Mashood, International Human Rights Law and Islamic Law, Oxford, 2009.
  • Baderin, Mashood, “Historical and Evolutional Perceptions of Islamic Law in a Continually Changing World” The Middle East in London, July-August 2009.
  • Barak, Aharon, Purposive Interpretation In Law, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2005.
  • Bardakoğlu, Ali “ceza”/”punishment”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, 1993.
  • Al-Bukhari, Muhammed b. Idris, Sahih al-Bukhari, cited by chapter, subchapter system.
  • Bayhâqî, Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn al-Husayn, al-Sunan al-Kubra, thk. Muhammed Abdulkadir Ata, Beirut: Dâru’l-Kutubu’l-Ilmiyya, 2003.
  • Brown, Jonathan, Hadith - Muhammed’s Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World-, Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2009.
  • Coulson, N. J., Succession in the Muslim Family, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.
  • Al-Darimi, Abdullah b. Abd-al-Rahman, al-Sunan, cited by chapter, subchapter system.
  • Al-Dâraqutnî, Ali b. Ömer, al-Sunan, Beirut: 1966.
  • Doi, Abd ar-Rahman I., Shari'ah: The Islamic Law, London, 2008.
  • Dworkin, Ronald, Law as Interpretation, Texas Law Review, vol.60, (1982), pp.527- 550.
  • Eco, Umberto, The Role of the Reader: Explorations in the Semiotics of Texts, London; Hutchinson University Library, 1985.
  • Eco, Umberto, Interpretation and Over Interpretation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  • Faruki, Kemal A., Ijma and the Gate of Ijtihad, Karachi, Gateway Publications, 1373/ 1954.
  • Flew, Antony, A Dictionary of Philosophy, Newyork: 1984.
  • Gadamer, Hans Georg, Truth and Method, London : Sheed and Ward, n.d.
  • Gadamer, Hans Georg, The Universality of the Hermeneutical Problem (1966), in: David E. Linge (edt.), Philosophical Hermeneutics, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press; 1977.
  • Glanville, Williams, Language and The Law, Law Quarterly Review, v.61, y.1945/October.
  • Gül, Münteha, “Söz ve Düşünce Aktarımı”, Turkish Studies/Türkoloji Araştırmaları, c.2, sy.2, y.2007/ Spring, pp.239-256.
  • Hallaq, Wael B., Sharia: Theory, Practice, Transformations, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009, pp.87-97.
  • Hallaq, Wael B., "Was the Gate of Ijtihâd Closed?", International Journal of Middle East Studies, (1984) xvi, 1, pp.3-41.
  • Hammad, Ahmed Zeki, Islamic Law: Understanding Juristic Differences, Indianapo- lis: American Trust Publications, 1992.
  • Hattabi, Abû Süleyman Hamd b. Muhammed b. İbrâhim, Mealimu’s-Sunan, (I-II), Istanbul: 1992.
  • Heidegger, Martin, Being and Time, New York: Harper & Row, 1962.
  • Al-Hudarî, Muhammed b. Afifi al-Bacuri, Târihu’t-Teşrîi’l-Islâmî, Beirût: 1960.
  • Ferguson, Duncan S., Biblical Hermeneutics: An Introduction, Atlanta, Georgia: John Knox Press, 1986.
  • Al-Ghazzali, Abu Hamid, al-Mustasfa min-Ilmi’l-Usul, al-Qāhirah: Sharikat al- Ṭibāʻah al-Fannīyah al-Muttaḥidah, 1970.
  • Al-Nasâî, Ahmed b. Şuayb as-Sunan, Beyrût: Dâru’l-Marife, 2007. (Cited accord- ing to the chapter subchapter system) Leech, Geoffrey N. - Short, Michael H., Style In Fiction, Newyork: Longman, 1981.
  • Ibn Ebi Şeybe, Abu Bakir Abdullah b. Muhammed, el-Musannef fi’l-Ehâdîs ve’l- Asâr, Beirut: 1409
  • Ibn Esir, Abu'l-Hasan Izzaddin Ali b. Muhammed b. Abdulkarim, el-Kamil fi't- Tarih, (I-IX), Beirut: Dâru'l-Ma'rife, 2002.
  • Ibn Hanbel, Ahmed, al-Musnad, Beyrut: Mektebu’l-İslâmî, 1993.
  • Ibn Ḥazm, al -Andalusi Alī ibn Aḥmad, al-Muhalla bi’l Asar, (I-XII), Beirut: 1408.
  • Ibn Hibban, Muhammed b. Hibban b. Ahmed Ebû Hâtim el-Bustî, Sahih İbn Hibbân, edt. Shuayb Arnavut and Huseyin Esad, Beirût: Muessesetu al- Risale, 1983.
  • Ibn Manzûr, Muhammed b. Mükrim, “j-h-d,” Lisânu’l-Arab, Beirut: al-Dâru al- Sâdır, n.d.
  • Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya, I’lam al-Muwaqqin an Rabbe’l Alemin, Cairo: Maktabat Ibn Taymiyya, n.d.
  • Ibn Qudama, Abdullah b. Ahmad Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi, al-Mughni, (vol:I-IX), Beirut : Daru’l-Kitabi’l-Arabi, 1972.
  • Ibn Taymiyyah, Taqi al-Din, Raf’ul-Melâm an Eimmeti’l-A’lam, tḥk: Ebû Musʿab Muhammad Saʿid al-Bedri, Beirut: Dâru’l-Kitabü’l-Lübnâni, 1991.
  • Kamali, Mohammad Hashim, Shariah Law: An Introduction, Oxford: Oneworld, 2008.
  • Lonergan, Bernard J. F., Method in Theology, London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1972.
  • Al-Marwazi, Abu Abdullah Muhammed b. Nasr, al-Ikhtilaf al-Ulama, Beirut: 1406.
  • Molla Fenârî, Muhammed b. Hamza, al-Fusûlu'l-Badâyi', (I-II), Istanbul: Şeyh Yahyâ Efendi Matbaasi, 1289.
  • Al-Mundhiri, Abd al-Azim ibn Abd al-Qawi, al-Targhib wat-Tarhib min al-Hadīth al-Sharīf, (edt. Ibrahim Shamsuddin), (I-IV), Beirut: Dâru’l-Kutubu’l- Ilmiyya, 1417.
  • Al-Mudhenî Abû İbrahim İsmail b. Yahya, Muhtasaru’l-Mudhenî, Beirut: Dâru’l- Kütübü’l-İlmiyye, 1993.
  • Muslim b. al-Hajjaj, Sahih al-Muslim, (cited according to chapter subchapter system) Nawawi, Yaḥya ibn Sharaf, Kitab al-Majmû, edt. Mahmud Matarâcî, (I-IX), Beirut: Dâru’l Fikr, 1996.
  • Muslim b. al-Hajjaj, Sahihu Muslim bi Sharh al-Nawawî, (I-XVIII), Kahire: Matbaatu’l-Mısriyye bi al- Azhar, 1929.
  • Oharon, Barak, Purposive Interpretation in Law, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005.
  • Ogden, C. and Richards, I., The Meaning of Meaning, (10th edition) 1956.
  • Peters, Rudolph, "Ijtihad and Taqlid in 18th and l9th Century Islam", Die Welt des Islams, XX, 3-4
  • Peters, Rudolph, “Divine Law or Man Made Law: Egypt and the Application of the Shari'a”, Arab Law Quarterly, Vol. 3, No. 3 (Aug., 1988), pp. 231-253.
  • Ragib al-Isfehânî, “j-h-d,” Mufradâtu Alfâz al-Qur'ân, Dimashk: Daru’l-Kalem, Beirut: al-Dâru al-Shâmiyya, 1992/1412.
  • Rahman, Fazlur, "Post-Formative Developments in IsIam”, Islamic Studies, Karachi, 1, 4 (1962).
  • Ricour, Paul, From Text to Action, translated by: Kathleen Blamey and John B. Thompson, London: Northwestern University Press, 1991.
  • Sanʻani, ʻAbd al-Razzaq ibn Hammam, al-Musannaf, Beirut: al-Majlis al-Ilmi, 1970.
  • Sarakhsi, Abu Bakr Muhammed b. Ahmed, Usûl al-Sarakhsi, İstanbul, 1984.
  • Sarakhsi, Kitbal-Mabsuṭ, (I-XXX), Egypt: 1324.
  • Schacht, Joseph, An Introduction to Islamic Law, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982.
  • Al-Shafii, Muhammad b. Idris, al-Kitab al-Umm, Kahire: Dârü’ş-Şaab, 1968.
  • Sözen, Edibe, Söylem, İstanbul: Paradigma, 1999.
  • Al-Shaybani, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, Kitabu’l-Hujja ala Ahli’l-Madina, (I-IV), Beirut: 1403.
  • Speight, Marston, “Narrative Structures in the Hadith”, Journal of Near Eastern Studies, v.59/4 y.2000, pp.265-271.
  • Sturt, Henry, Principles of Understanding, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1915.
  • Unal, Yavuz, Hadis Geleneğinde Metin Bilinci, Samsun: Etüt Yayınları, 2008.
  • Weiss, Bernard, “Interpretation in Islamic Law: The Theory of Ijtihâd”, American Journal of Comparative Law, 1978, vol.26, no.2, pp.199-212.
  • Weiss, Bernard, The Spirit of Islamic Law, Athens:The University of Georgia Press, 1998.
  • Weiss, Bernard, “Exotericism and Objectivity in Islamic Jurisprudence”, içinde: Heer, Nicholas, Islamic Law and Jurisprudunce, London: University of Washington Press, 1990, pp.53-71.
  • Woodward, Mark R., “Textual Exegesis as Social Commentary: Religious, Social and Political Meanings of Indenosian Translations of Arabic Hadith Text“, The Jour- nal of Asian Studies, c.52, s.3, y.1993/August, ss.565-583
  • Al-Zabidi, Muhammed Murtada el-Huseynî, Tâcu’l-Ârus min Cevâhiri’l-Qamus, (I- X), Egypt: al-Hayriyye, 1307.
  • Zubaida, Sami, Law and Power in the Islamic World, Tauris, 2003.