Search and Determinants of Job Search Intensity in Turkey

İşsizlerin iş arama davranışı hakkında gelişmekte olan ülkeler üzerine literatürde az sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bireye ve yaşadığı haneye, ve de işgücü piyasasına ait özelliklerin Türkiye’deki işsizlerin iş-arama sıklığı veya yoğunluğu üzerine olan etkilerini incelemektir. Bu amaçla, Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketi 2000 ve 2001 yılı ham verileri kullanılmış ve analizler hem tüm veri hem de kır-kent ayırımı gözetilerek yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre kentsel alanlarda yasayanlar kırsal alanlara göre daha yoğun iş aramaktadırlar. Ayrıca, kadınlar erkeklere göre daha az yoğun iş aramaktadırlar. Ayrıca, eğitim düzeyi arttıkça iş arama yoğunluğu artmaktadır. Çalışmanın, bir diğer bulgusu ise, yaş ile iş arama yoğunluğu arasında ters-U ilişkisi olmasıdır. Ayrıca, Türkiye’nin daha gelişmiş bölgelerinde (Marmara ve Ege Bölgeleri) yaşamak iş arama yoğunluğunu artırırken, az gelişmiş yerlerde yaşamak (Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgeleri) iş arama yoğunluğunu azaltmaktadır. İşsizlik oranındaki artış iş arama yoğunluğunu artırırken, GSMH seviyesindeki artış iş arama yoğunluğunu azaltmaktadır. Son olarak, nüfus yoğunluğu ile iş arama sıklığı arasında ters-U ilişkisi vardır.

Türkiye'de İş Arama ve Arama Yoğunluğunun Belirleyenleri

There are a few numbers of studies on job search behavior of unemployed individuals in the developing countries. The purpose of the present study is to examine the personal, household and labor market characteristics on the job search intensity of Turkish unemployed individuals. For this aim we use individual data obtained from the Household Labor Force Surveys of 2000 and 2001. The analyses are carried out for the full data as well as by considering residence dimension. The results indicate that urban residents are more likely to search more intensively than rural residents. It is also observed that females search less intensively than males. Increases in education level seem to increase the job search intensity. There is an inverse-U shaped relation between age and job search intensity. While living in the most developed regions of Turkey, i.e. Marmara and Aegean increase the intensity of job search, living in the least developed regions of East and South-East Anatolia decline the job search intensity. Increases in unemployment rate increase the job search intensity, but increases in the level of GDP declines the job search intensity. Further, there is an inverse-U shaped relation between population density and job-search intensity

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