A Comparison of JMP Wage Decomposition and Quantile Regression Methods in Wage Inequality Assessment

Juhn, Murphy and Pierce (1993)’in ayrıştırma tekniği ve kantil regresyon, ücret eşitsizliği analizinin önemli araçlarından ikisidir. JMP tekniği, ücretlerdeki değişmeyi üç parçaya ayırma ve “artık eşitsizliği”ni kolaylıkla gösterme avantajına sahiptir. Buna karşın kantil regresyonun avantajı ise farklı kantillerdeki ücret dağılımının detaylı bir resmini gösterebilmesidir. Çalışmamızda her iki yöntemi de ABD İşgücü İstatistikleri Bürosu tarafından yayınlanan Mart Ayı Güncel Nüfus Anketi(CPS) verilerine uygulayarak 1967–2005 döneminde ABD’deki ücret eşitsizliğinde meydana gelen değişiklikleri inceliyoruz. Bu konuda hangi yöntemin daha faydalı sonuçlar ürettiğini görmek için sonuçlarını karşılaştırıyoruz. Sonuçta, JMP değerleri üzerinde yorum yapmadan önce kantil regresyon sonuçlarını kontrol etmek gerektiğini, çünkü eğer kantil regresyon katsayıları OLS regresyon katsayılarından çok farklıysa (yani ücret dağılımı normal dağılımdan uzaksa), iki yöntemin sonuçlarının oldukça farklılaştığı ve JMP’nin uygulanmasının problemli bir hale geldiğini görüyoruz.

Ücret Ayrıştırmasında JMP ve Kantil Regresyon Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması

The decomposition technique of Juhn, Murphy and Pierce (1993) and quantile regression are two of the main tools of wage inequality analysis. JMP technique has the advantage of decomposing the change in wages into three components, and showing residual inequality easily. Quantile regression has the advantage of showing a detailed picture of wage distribution at different quantiles. We apply both techniques to March Current Population Survey (CPS) data of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to analyze the changes in wage inequality in the US during the 1967-2005 period. We compare the results to see which technique produces more useful results in response to the research question at hand. We find that it is a good idea to check the quantile regression results before concluding on JMP values since if quantile regression coefficients are very different from OLS coefficients (meaning the wage distribution is quite different from a normal one), results of two methods differ greatly and the application of JMP is problematic.

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