Un Kurdu Böceğinin Besin İçeriği ve Kanatlı Hayvan Beslemede Kullanım İmkânları

Kümes kanatlı hayvanları, tüy gelişimi, et ve yumurta üretimi için yüksek miktarda protein, aminoasit ve enerjiye gereksinim duyarlar. Bitkisel menşeyli yemlerin amino asit içerikleri, protein kaliteleri ve mineral miktarları daha düşüktür. Bu nedenle yemlerde kullanılan mısır ve soya küspesi (SK) bazen kanatlı hayvanların besin ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada yeterli olmaz. Böyle durumlarda daha pahalı olan balık unu gibi ürünler kullanılır. Hâlbuki balık unu, maya ve malt gibi ürünlerle kıyaslanabilir düzeyde besin içeriğine sahip olan yem kaynakları mevcuttur. Un kurtları, çekirgeler, solucanlar ve karasinekler kanatlı hayvanların beslenmesinde değerlendirilebilecek kaynaklardan sadece bazılarıdır. Kanatlı hayvan rasyonlarında mısır, SK ve balık unu yerine bir yem kaynağı olarak kullanım potansiyeli olan önemli böceklerden birisi de un kurdudur. Kolay üreyen ve beslenen un kurdunun (Tenebrio molitor L.) protein, yağ, enerji, yağ asitleri bakımından zengin olduğu ve kanatlı hayvan beslemede başarıyla kullanılabileceği belirtilmektedir. Bununla birlikte AB mevzuatı, üretimindeki zorluklar ve üretim maliyetinin yüksek olması gibi hususlar, kanatlı hayvanların beslenmesinde un kurdunun kullanımını sınırlandırmaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmada, un kurdunun organik kanatlı hayvan beslemede kullanım imkânları incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Un kurdu (Tenebrio molitor L.), Kanatlı hayvan, Alternatif yem, Organik besleme

Nutrient Content of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor L.) and The Utilization Possibilities in Poultry Nutrition

Poultry require high amounts of protein, amino acids and energy for feather development, meat and egg production. Herbal nutritional feeds have lower amino acid content, protein qualities and mineral levels. Therefore, corn and soybean meal used in feeds are sometimes not sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of poultry. In such cases, more expensive products like fish meal are used. However, there are feed sources that have comparable levels of nutrients to products such as fish meal, yeast and malt. Mealworms, earth worms, grasshoppers and houseflies are only some of the sources that can be evaluated for the feeding of poultry. One of the important insects with potential for use as a feed source instead of corn, soybean meal and fish meal in poultry rations is mealworm. Easy to breed and feding Tenebrio molitor L. (TM) is rich in protein, fat, energy, fatty acids and can be used successfully in poultry feeding. However, EU legislation, difficulties in production and high cost of production limit the use of mealworm in the feeding of poultry. In this review study, the utilization possibilities of mealworm in organic poultry feeding were examined.

Keywords:

Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.), Poultry, Alternative feed, Organic feeding,

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