Philip Abrams ve Çok Yönlü Bir “Tarihsel Olay” Üzerine: Mısır’daki Urabi Hareketi (1879-1882)

Bu makale, Philip Abrams’ın teorik perspektifinden Mısır’daki Urabi İsyanı’nı (1879-1882) özgün bir tarihsel olay olarak incelemektedir. Abrams tarihsel bir olayın özgünlüğünün ve karmaşıklığının boyutunun o olayın temsil ettiği çeşitli öğe ve özelliklerinin bileşimi üzerinden değerlendirilebileceğini tartışmaktadır. Abrams’ın terminolojisini kullanacak olursak, Urabi Hareketi büyük çaplı bir toplumsal dönüşümü – Mısır’ın bir Orta Doğu monarşisinden modern ulus-devlete geçişi – etkileyen karmaşık faktörlerden oluşan bir bulmaca şeklinde ortaya çıkar. Bu bakış açısından hareketle, bu makalede Urabi Hareketi’nin tarihsel bir olay sürecinde bir araya gelen birbiriyle ilintili farklı gelişmelerin bir bütünü olduğunu tartışmaktayım. Dolayısıyla buradaki mevzu, bütün bir süreci açıklamada bir çok gelişme arasından tek bir tarihsel gelişmeyi seçip ona odaklanmak değil, her bir gelişmenin olayın karakteri ve sürecini nasıl ve ne derece şekillendirdiğini kavramaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mısır, Tarihsel Sosyoloji, Tarihsel Olay, Philip Abrams, Urabi İsyanı

On Philip Abrams and a Multi-Faceted “Historical Event”: The Urabi Movement (1879-1882) in Egypt

This article explores the Urabi Revolt (1879-1882) in Egypt as a unique historical event from Philip Abrams’ theoretical perspective. Abrams argues that the extent of the complexity and uniqueness of a historical event can be assessed based on the conjunction of various elements and aspects the event embodies. The Urabi movement represents a “puzzle of the complex factors”, to use Abrams’ terminology, which impacts a large-scale social transformation – the transition of Egypt from a Middle Eastern monarchy to a modern nation-state. Departing from this point of view, in the article, I argue that the Urabi movement was a convergence of a range of loosely related developments over the course of a historical event. Hence the question here is not about choosing a single development among a variety of them and focusing on it to explain the whole process, but about capturing how each development shaped the course and character of the event and to what degree.

Keywords:

Egypt, Historical Sociology, Historical Event, Philip Abrams, Urabi Revolt,

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