Orta Anadolu’daki Kılçak formasyonunun (Erken Miyosen) palinolojisi: Paleoiklimsel ve paleo-ortamsal çıkarımlar

Paleovejetasyonun yeniden kurulması amacıyla, erken Miyosen yaşlı Kılçak formasyonu (OrtaAnadolu, Türkiye) çökellerinin palinolojik incelemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Polen spektrumuPinus’un baskın olduğu incelenen istifl erden birinde Cupressaceae’nin eşbaskın olduğu, ve ona dahadüşük yüzdelerle Taxodioideae (Cupressaceae dahilinde), yaprak döken Quercus, Carya, Carpinus,Ulmus, Engelhardioideae, Salix, Alnus ve Juglans gibi ağaçların eşlik ettiği bir bitki örtüsününvarlığını göstermektedir. Otsul bitkiler az miktarlardaki Poaceae, Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceaeve Asteraceae ile temsil edilmektedir. Bu bitki örtüsü, bir Taxodium topojen turbalığın varlığına vehemen yakınlarda ona eşlik eden bir dere-kenarı vejetasyonu ile uzak çevredeki dağlık alanlardagelişmiş geniş yapraklı-yaprak döken ağaçlardan oluşan karışık ormanların mevcudiyetine işaretetmektedir. δ13C analizleri, vejetasyonda C3 bitklerinin hakim olduğunu göstermektedir. Kılçakpalinofl orası, erken Miyosen boyunca devam eden küresel ölçekteki sıcak koşullarla uyumlu olarak,nemli, sıcak-ılıman bir iklimi yansıtmaktadır.

Palynology of the Kılçak formation (Early Miocene) from Central Anatolia: Implications for palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment

The palynological analysis of the early Miocene successions of the Kılçak formation (Central Anatoia, Turkey) was carried out in order to reconstruct the palaeovegetation. The pollen spectra indicate a fl ora dominated by Pinus, co-dominance of Cupressaceae in one of the investigated successions, and lower percentages of trees such as Taxodioideae within Cupressaceae, Quercus deciduous type, Carya, Carpinus, Ulmus, Engelhardioideae, Salix, Alnus and Juglans. Herbs are represented by minor amounts of Poaceae, Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae and Asteraceae. This fl ora indicates the presence of a Taxodium topogenous mire with a nearby riparian vegetation and broadleaved deciduous mixed forests developed in the surrounding distant mountainous areas. δ13C analysis shows that the vegetation was dominated by C3 plants. The Kılçak palynofl ora refl ects a humid, warm-temperate climate being compatible with the global warm conditions maintained during the early Miocene.

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