Bağımsız Yaşama Güvenli Bir Adım: Gelişimsel Yetersizliği Olan Bireyler İçin Güvenlik Becerileri

Güvenlik becerileri bireyin evde, okulda, işyerinde ve/veya toplumsal ortamlarda güvenliğini tehdit eden acil, beklenmedik ve tehlikeli durumları fark etmesi, bu durumlara karşı uygun sürede uygun davranışları sergilemesi, kendini koruması ve kişisel güvenliğini sağlaması gibi içinde hem psiko-motor hem de bilişsel farklı pek çok davranışı barındıran geniş bir beceri yelpazesinden oluşur. Gelişimsel yetersizliği olan bireyler için güvenli bir hayatın anahtarı niteliğinde olan güvenlik becerilerinin onlara öğretilmesi yaşamsal önem taşımaktadır. Derleme çalışması olarak hazırlanan bu çalışmanın amacı, (a) gelişimsel yetersizliği olan bireyler için hayâtî önem taşıyan güvenlik becerilerinin ne olduğuna, bu becerilerin alanyazında nasıl sınıflandırıldığına, gelişimsel yetersizliği olan bireylere neden öğretilmesi gerektiğine, bu becerilerin öğretiminde hangi uygulamalardan yararlanıldığına ilişkin bilgilendirme yapmak ve (b) alanyazında yapılan araştırmaların, yapılan betimsel ve meta analiz çalışmalarının bulguları göz önünde bulundurularak ailelere, öğretmenlere ve araştırmacılara önerilerde bulunmaktır.

A Safe Step to an Independent Life: Safety Skills for Individuals with Developmental Disabilities

Safety skills consist of a wide range of both psycho-motor and cognitive skills including realizing emergent, unexpected and dangerous conditions which threat the security of the individual in the school, home, work and/or community settings, presenting appropriate behaviors in appropriate sequence to these conditions, protecting oneself and maintaining his/her own security. Teaching safety skills which play a key pole for a safe life for individuals with developmental disabilities has a vital importance. The purpose of the present study which was designed as a literature review was (a) to provide information about the safety skills that have vital importance in the lives of individuals with developmental disabilities, the classification of these skills, the reason why they should be taught to individuals with developmental disabilities, which teaching strategies were used for teaching these skills and (b) considering the results of the studies, descriptive studies and meta-analysis studies, providing suggestions to parents, teachers and researchers. Keywords: Safety skills; Individuals with developmental disabilities; Independent life; Transition; Special education.

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