Wentao MA, Dekun CHEN, Tian JING, Xiaoting YAO, Tiantian JI, Jiarui DONG, Xi CHEN, Fengqiang CHEN, Hao FENG, Tianxing WANG, Huiying ZHAO

Meraya Dayalı Beslemeye Karşı Kapalı Beslemenin Keçilerde Süt Mikrobiyotası Üzerine Etkisi

Sütün mikrobiyal profili, çiğ süt ve süt ürünlerinin kalitesini etkileyebilir. Keçilerin beslenme biçimlerinin süt mikrobiyota profilleri üzerine etkilerini araştırmak için farklı besleme özelliğine (mera ve kapalı besleme) sahip iki yerel keçi çiftliği seçildi. On adet kolostrum örneği (5’i merada beslenen ve 5’i kapalı alanda beslenen keçilerden) ve 12 adet ergin hayvana ait süt örneği (7’si merada beslenen ve 5’i kapalı alanda beslenen keçilerden) toplandı. Bu örnekler, 16S rDNA dizilerinin amplifikasyonu sonrasında alfa ve beta çeşitlilik analizine, temel koordinat analizine (PCoA), doğrusal diskriminant analizi etki büyüklüğü (LEfSe) analizine ve Kyoto Genler ve Genomlar Ansiklopedisi (KEGG) yolak analizine tabi tutuldu. Merada beslenen keçilerin, kapalı alanda beslenenlere göre süt mikrobiyotasının daha bol olduğu ve daha fazla çeşitlilik gösterdiği saptandı. Meraya bağlı beslenen keçilerde kolostrumda özellikle Propionibacterium, Weeksellaceae, Lactobacillus, Cloacibacterium ve Yersinia türleri, ergin hayvan sütlerinde ise Betaproteobacteria, Pseudomonadales, Moraxellaceae, Lactobacillales, Brevibacterium, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenaceae, Enhydrobacter, Brevundimonas ve Gluconacetobacter türleri daha fazlaydı. Ayrıca, bu iki çiftliğin keçilerinde süt mikrobiyotasının fonksiyonel metabolik genleri önemli ölçüde farklılık gösterdi. Bu çalışmada, keçilerin kolostrum ve ergin sütünün mikrobiyotası analiz edilmiş ve besleme tarzının süt mikrobiyotasının bileşimini ciddi şekilde etkileyebileceği öne sürülmüştür.

Effect of Pasture Versus Indoor Feeding on Milk Microbiota of Goats

The microbial profile of milk can influence the quality of raw milk and milk products. To investigate whether the feeding styles of goats affected their milk microbiota profile, two local goat farms with different feeding styles (pasture and indoor feeding) were selected. Milk samples contained 10 colostrum samples (5 from pasture-raised goats and 5 from indoor-fed goats) and 12 mature milk samples (7 from pasture-raised goats and 5 from indoor-fed goats) were collected. 16S rDNA sequences of these samples were amplified and further subjected to alpha- and beta-diversity analysis, principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The result showed that pasture-raised goats showed higher milk microbial abundance and diversity than indoor-fed goats. Specifically, Propionibacterium, Weeksellaceae, Lactobacillus, Cloacibacterium, and Yersinia were enriched in colostrum and Betaproteobacteria, Pseudomonadales, Moraxellaceae, Lactobacillales, Brevibacterium, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenaceae, Enhydrobacter, Brevundimonas, and Gluconacetobacter were enriched in mature milk of pasture-raised goats. In addition, the functional metabolic genes of the milk microbiota differed significantly in goats of these two farms. Altogether, the present study analyzed the microbiota of colostrum and mature milk of goats and suggested that feeding style could profoundly affect the composition of milk microbiota.

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