İngiliz dili eğitimi bölümü öğrencilerinin kültürel farkındalığı ve dil öğretiminde hedef kültür öğretimine karşı tutumları üzerine bir çalışma

Kültür ve dil birbirinden ayrılamaz çünkü her ikisi birlikte, kullandığımız dil yapısında ve yaşadığımız toplumda var olan değer, davranış ve tutum gibi kültürel özellikleri yansıtırlar. Bu anlamda, kültürlerarası anlayış ve diğer kültürlerle uyum sağlama açısından kültürel ögelerin dil öğretimine entegre edilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Bu kapsamda, bu araştırmanın amacı, İngiliz Dili Eğitimi bölümünde okuyan Türk öğrencilerin kültür öğrenimine ve hedef dil öğretiminde kültür öğretimine karşı tutumlarını ve kültürel farkındalıklarını incelemektir. Ayrıca, doğum yeri, cinsiyet, yurtdışı tecrübesi ve mezun olunan lise türü gibi değişkenlerin öğrencilerin tutumları üzerine etkisi olup olmadığı da araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri üç bölümden oluşan (demografik bilgi, çoktan seçmeli sorular ve 5li Likert ölçeği) bir anket aracılığıyla 96 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde, betimleyici istatistik (frekans ve yüzde analizi ve ortalama) ve tek yönlü varyans (one-way ANOVA) analizi için SPSS kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, ankette yer alan açık uçlu sorular nitel olarak kodlanmış ve incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları cinsiyet dışında doğum yeri, lise türü ve yurtdışı tecrübesi gibi özelliklerine bakılmaksızın bütün öğrencilerin hedef dil öğreniminde kültür öğrenimine karşı olumlu tutum sergilediklerini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Cinsiyet açısından, kız öğrencilerin erkeklere kıyasla daha olumlu tutum içerisinde oldukları saptanmıştır. Buna ek olarak, çalışma sonuçları, öğrencilerin özellikle farklı kültürlerden olan insanlara karşı kültürel farkındalık geliştirmek ve onlarla daha iyi iletişim kurmak amacıyla hedef kültürü öğrendiklerini göstermiştir. Bu bulgular ışığında, öğrencilerde kültürel farkındalık yaratmak ve öğrencilerin dil öğretiminde hedef kültürün de öğretilmesine karşı olumlu tutum geliştirmelerini sağlamak amacıyla yabancı dil öğretmenleri, öğretmen yetiştirme programları, ve öğretim materyalleri ve kitap yazarları için gerekli ve önemli tavsiyelerde bulunulmuştur.

A study on ELT students‟ cultural awareness and attitudes towards incorporation of target culture into language instruction

Culture and language are inseparable from each other as both in combination reflect shared cultural propertiessuch as values, behaviours, and attitude inherent in the society we live and in language patterns we use. In thisrespect, it is highly valuable to integrate cultural elements into language education for interculturalunderstanding and welcoming different cultures. The aim of this research was to explore the attitudes of Turkishuniversity students at the English Language Teaching (ELT) Department towards culture and its integration intolanguage teaching and their cultural awareness and to reveal if birthplace, gender, experience abroad and highschool graduated had any influence on their attitudes. Data were collected from 96 participants through aquestionnaire consisting of three parts (i.e. demographic information, multiple-choice questions, and 5-pointLikert-type scale). For data analysis, descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage and means), one-way ANOVAand post-hoc test were conducted via SPSS and open-ended items were qualitatively analyzed. Overall, findingsof the study yielded positive attitudes of significant numbers of ELT students towards culture and itsincorporation in language teaching regardless of their birthplace, the type of high school, and the experienceabroad. As for gender, female students had more positive attitudes towards culture than males. Additionally,participants were found to learn culture mainly to develop their cultural awareness and maintain bettercommunication with people from different cultures. In the light of findings, necessary implications wereprovided for teachers and teacher educators regarding raising cultural awareness of students and developingpositive attitudes towards incorporation of target culture into language instruction.

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