İki dillilik odaklı çalışmalar üzerine bir inceleme

Bu çalışmanın amacı iki dillilikle ile ilgili araştırmaların odak noktası, kapsamı, araştırma modeli, veri toplama aracı, veri analiz yöntemi ve örneklem büyüklüğünün nasıl olduğunu belirlemektir. Genel tarama modeline göre toplanan dokümanlar, betimsel analiz tekniğine göre çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sorularına göre veriler, iki aşamada çözümlenmiştir. Birinci aşamada odak noktası ve kapsamı belirlemek için örnek çalışmaların amaçları, betimsel analize göre incelenmiştir. Araştırmaların odak noktası ve kapsamını belirlemek için araştırmaların amaç bölümünde verilen bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenler kullanılmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise örnek çalışmaların araştırma modeli, veri toplama araçları, veri çözümleme yöntemleri ve katılımcılarla ilgili özellikler incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda örnek araştırmalar dört kategoride incelenmiştir. Bu kategorilerin birbiri ile olan ilişkilerine bakılmıştır. Çözümleme sonucundaki bulgular iki bölümde ele alınmıştır. Birinci bölümde araştırmaların bağımsız değişkeni olan iki dillik, iki dillilik/tek dillilik ve tek dillilik ile ilgili odak noktaları saptanmıştır. Bu üç bağımsız değişkenden (odak noktası) hareketle bağımlı değişkenler olan dil becerileri, beyin, öğrenme-öğretme, işleyen bellek, bilişsel beceriler belirlenmiştir. İkinci bölümde ise örnek araştırmalardaki araştırma modelleri, veri toplama araçları, veri analiz yöntemleri ve katılımcı sayısı incelenmiştir. Bu bölümdeki bulgulara göre araştırmalarda betimleyici ve deneysel modellerin sıklıkla kullanıldığı, veri toplama aracı olarak ise çoğunlukla testlere başvurulduğu ve verilerin çoğunlukla parametrik testlerle analiz edildiği belirlenmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak araştırmaların genellikle 21-40 katılımcının olduğu örneklem grubuyla yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ulaşılan bulguların sonuçları, tartışma bölümünde iki dilli eğitimin ihtiyaçları ve araştırma yöntemlerine bağlı olarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Review of studies focused on bilingualism

The purpose of this study is to determine the purpose, scope, research model, data collection tool, data analysismethod and sample size of the studies on bilingualism. According to the general screening model, the documentscollected were analyzed. In the first step, in order to determine the focus and scope, the objectives of the samplestudies were examined based on the descriptive analysis. In the second step; research model, data collection tools,data analysis methods, and the number of participants of the studies were examined. Thus, the scope of the studieswas determined. For this purpose; research models, data collection tools, data analysis methods and the number ofparticipants were examined. Based on the conclusions of this part, it was determined that the experimental anddescriptive models were frequently used in sample the studies.© 2019 JLLS and the Authors - Published by JLLS.

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