İngiltere' de yetiştirilen Siyah-Alaca sığırların süt verimi özellikleri üzerinde araştırmalar

Bu çalışmada safkan, sağlıklı 24 kısrakta ve onların lavlarında (Arap, 11=8/8; İngiliz, n=8/8 ve Hannover, n=8/8) bazı tiroid bezi parametrelerinin normal doğum ve neonatal adaptasyon dönemindeki değişimleri incelendi. Doğumdan hemen sonra, yeni doğan taylarda tiroksin konsantrasyonu annelerinden oldukça yüksekti. Yeni doğan taylardaki oldukça yüksek olan bu ortalama T4 seviyesi hayatın ilk 12 saati içinde çok hızlı düşüş gösterdi. Tiroksin konsantrasyonunun ilk 12 saat içindeki düşüşünden sonra tiroidal sistemde belirgin şekilde stabilizasyon görüldü. Onuncu günün sonunda yeni doğan taylarda tiroksin konsantrasyonu annelerine kıyasla yine de yüksekti. Triiyodotironin .konsantrasyonu doğumdan kısa bir süre sonra artmaya başladı, en yüksek triiyodotironin konsantrasyonlarına 3. ve 15. saatler arasında ulaştı. Tüm çalışma boyunca yeni doğan taylarda triiyodotironin seviyesi annelerinden daha yüksekti.» Yaşamın ilk saatlerinde tiroidal parametreler önemli değişiklikler gösterdi ve tiroidal sistemin post natal döneme uyumunun üç ayrı faza ayrılmasına olanak sağladı: 1.Faz: Doğumdan sonra 3. saate kadar olan dönemde tiroidal sistemin kuvvetli bir şekilde uyarılması. 2.Faz: 3. güne kadar olan dönemde tiroidal aktivitelerin belirgin şekilde azalması. 3.Faz: Yeni doğan taylarda tiroidal sistemin uterus dışı hayata uyum sağlaması.

Studies on milk production traits of Holstein-Friesian cattle in England

This study was conducted to investigate the lactation and dry period durations, real and 305 days milk yields, milk fat and protein levels and somatic cell counts of Holstein-Friesian cattle in five randomly chosen private farms in England which have a developed cattle management policy. Also the effects of the individual farm environments on the above traits have been observed. The material of the study was the yield records of the Holstein-Friesian cattle between the years 1993-2004. During the study 1847 records were investigated for the dry period durations, 2514 records were examined for lactation period durations, real and 305 days milk yields, milk fat and protein and somatic cell counts. For the statistical analysis of the milk production traits the Duncan-test was used. The investigated milk yield traits of lactation and dry period durations, real and 305 days milk yields, milk fat and protein rates and milk somatic cell counts were 324.32 days, 67.18 days, 7715.23 kg, 7218.62 kg, 4.03%, 3.33% and 138.00 ('000 cells/ml), respectively. Effects of environmental factors such as the individual farm environments, lactation number, year and season on the yields were examined in the study. Lactation and dry period duration, real and 305 days milk yield, milk fat and protein rates and somatic cell counts were affected by the farm environment and yielding year significantly (P

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