Ahlak ve Sosyal Refah İlişkisi: Güney Afrika Örneği

Gelir dağılımı ve yoksulluk durumları biçiminde somutlaşan sosyal refahın oluşumunda ahlaki değerlerin önemli bir belirleyiciliği söz konusudur. Ahlaki değerlerin toplumda işlevsel ve baskın olduğu durumlarda iktisadi üretkenlik-etkinlik ve sosyal adaletin varlığı şeklinde tezahür eden bu durum, tersi durumda ekonomik kalkınma ve sosyal adalet sorunlarının bulunduğu, sosyal güven eksikliği ve yolsuzluğun karakteristik özellikler olduğu bir toplumsal yapı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Modern dünyanın sosyal refahla ilgili sorunlarını çözmede piyasanın yanı sıra kamu ekonomisinin de etkin olamaması sosyal refahın ahlak boyutunun önemini göstermektedir. Güney Afrika’da yüzyıllık bir sömürü düzeninin ardından iktidarı devralan siyah hükümet tarafından başlatılan ulusal ölçekli bir sosyal adalet girişimi olarak siyah ekonomik güçlendirme politikalarının başarısızlık nedenleri arasında yolsuzluk önemli bir yere sahiptir. Yolsuzlukların güçlendirme politikalarına başarısızlığın yanı sıra ekonomik yapı ve sorunlar gibi teknik nitelikli diğer faktörlerden farklı olarak meşruiyet kaybı gibi daha köklü etkide bulunması ve sosyal refahı artırmak yerine daha da kötüleştirmesi ahlak sosyal refah ilişkisini somut olarak ortaya koyan çarpıcı bir örneklik oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

ahlak, sosyal refah, yolsuzluk, güney afrika, ekonomik güçlendirme

Morality and Social Welfare Relationship: South African Case

Moral values are important determinants in the formation of social welfare embodying in the forms such as income distribution and poverty. When moral values are functional and effective in society, this situation appears as economic efficiency-productivity and social justice, in the contrary case, however, it seems as a social structure which contains problems of economic development and social justice and chracteristics such as corruption and lack of social trust. The inability of the public economy as well as the market to solve the problems of modern societies related to social welfare shows the importance of the moral dimension of social welfare.As a national social justice initiative initiated by the black government that took over power after a century of exploitation in South Africa, corruption has an important place among the reasons for the failure of black economic empowerment policies. It constitutes a striking example of the concrete relationship between morality and social welfare that the corruption affects to empowerment policies in terms of more fundamental aspect like legitimacy in addition to reason of failure differently from other reasons such as economic structure and problems and worsens the social welfare rather than increasing it.

Keywords:

morality, social welfare, corruption, south africa, economic empowerment,

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