DİPLOMATİK AJANIN ÖZEL HİZMETÇİSİNİN CEZA YARGISINDAN BAĞIŞIKLIĞI

Temelde devletlerarasındaki ilişkileri düzenlediği için diplomasi hukuku şüphe yoktur ki uluslararası hukukun en eski ve en önemli dallarından biridir. Diplomasi hukukunun kuralları genel olarak 1961 tarihli Diplomatik İlişkilere Dair Viyana Sözleşmesiyle kodifiye edilmiştir. Gönderen devletin elçilik personeli ve onların hâne halkını teşkil eden aile üyelerine sağlanan kabul eden devletin ceza yargısından bağışıklık diplomasi hukukunun en çok tartışılan konularından biridir. Uluslararası hukukun en eski kurallarından biri olarak tanınmasına karşılık, bu kural aynı zamanda en fazla eleştirilen kurallardan biridir. Bu tür bir bağışıklığın sağlanmasıyla özel statüyü haiz özel bir insan sınıfı yaratıldığına inanılmaktadır. Ancak, diplomatik misyon üyeleri arasında bu bağışıklıktan yararlanmada bazı seviye farkları vardır. Az sayıda istisna dışında birçok devlet, özellikle de diplomatik rütbeyi haiz olmayan kişiler için başta olmak üzere diplomatik ayrıcalık ve bağışıklıkların kısıtlaması eğilimi sergilemektedir. Böylelikle, bu bağlamda ilk düşünülenler bir diplomatik misyonun üyelerinin özel hizmetçileri olmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, bu çalışmanın temel amacı diplomatik ajanın özel hizmetçisinin kabul eden devletin ceza yargısından bağışıklığıyla alâkalı konulara ışık tutmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

ceza yargısından bağışıklık, diplomatik ajanlar, özel hizmetçi, 1961 tarihli Diplomatik İlişkilere Dair Viyana Sözleşmesi, diplomatik ayrıcalık ve bağışıklıklar, hâne halkı üyesi.

IMMUNITY FROM CRIMINAL JURISDICTION OF THE PRIVATE SERVANTS OF THE DIPLOMATIC AGENTS

One of the most oldest and important branches of international law is without a doubt the law of diplomacy since it mainly regulates the intercourse between states. The rules of the law of diplomacy are mainly codified by the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. One of the most arguable subjects on the law of diplomacy is the immunity from the criminal jurisdiction of the receiving states, which is provided for the embassy personnel and their family members of the sending state, forming part of their households. Although it is recognised as one of the most oldest rules of international law, it is also one of the most critised rules, as well. It is believed that a special class of people have been created by providing this kind of immunity for them. Yet, among the members of the diplomatic mission there are some level of differences in enjoying this immunity; with a few exceptions, most of the States have demonstrated the tendency to restrict the diplomatic privileges and immunities, particullary for those who do not have diplomatic title. Hence, in this sense the private servants of the members of a diplomatic mission would be the first ones to be thought of. In this respect, the main purpose of this article is to shed light on the issues relating to immunity from the criminal jurisdiction of the receiving state for a diplomatic agent’s private servants.

Keywords:

1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, diplomatic immunities and privileges, immunity from criminal jurisdiction, diplomatic agents, private servant, member of a household.,

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