Karşı Devrime Yönelik ABD Diplomasisi ve Sultan II. Abdülhamid'in Tahttan İndirilmesi (1909)

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri - Osmanlı İmparatorluğuilişkileri, çalışmaları çoğunlukla Osmanlı’nın Avrupalıgüçlerle ilişkileri üzerine odaklanan araştırmacılarınnezdinde büyük ilgi görmemiştir. Bu araştırma, ABD - Osmanlı ilişkileri tarihinin önemli bir dönemini ağırlıklıolarak Amerikan ve İngiliz belgelerine dayanaraktartışmaktadır. Araştırma giriş mahiyetinde İttihad veTerakki Cemiyeti’nin 1908’de gerçekleştirdiği devrimi veOsmanlı İmparatorluğu idaresini ele geçirişini, İTC’ninkanunların yürürlüğe konulması ve yeni bir Osmanlıhükümetinin teşkili çabaları bağlamında Amerikandiplomasisini ve ABD büyükelçisi John Leishman’ındevrim sonrası Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun geleceğine dairiyimserliğine değinmektedir. Parlemento seçimlerininyapılması ve toplanmasından karşı devrim emârelerininbelirmesine, Adana katliamı ve karşı devrim girişiminedeniyle Amerikan gemisi Scorpion’un gönderilmesineuzanan olaylar ve Amerikan gemilerinin gönderilmesietrafındaki tartışmalara da yine bu araştırmada yerverilmektedir. Karşı devrimi önleyerek İTC’nin kontrolüyeniden ele almasını sağlayan Mehmet Şevket Paşakuvvetlerinin İstanbul’a doğru ilerlemesi meselesineilaveten ABD’nin Nisan 1909’da II. Abdülhamit’in tahttanindirilişi karşısında tavrı, iki ülke arasındaki karşılıklıilişkiler ve silahsızlanmada araştırmanın ele aldığıkonulardır. Araştırma ulaştığı en önemli neticeleri sunduğubir sonuç bölümünü ihtiva etmektedir.

USA DIPLOMACY TOWARDS THE COUNTER-REVOLUTION ANDSULTAN ABDUL HAMID II'S DETHRONEMENT (1909)

Relations between the USA and the Ottoman Empirehave not received much attention from scholars asmost studies have focused on Ottoman relations withEuropean powers instead. This paper discusses animportant stage in the history of Ottoman relationswith the USA by relying mainly on American andBritish documents. This research deals with anintroduction to the 1908 revolution carried out by theCommittee of Union and Progress (CUP) and theircontrol over the Ottoman Empire, the diplomacy ofthe USA towards what the CUP did to enforce the law,the formation of the new Ottoman government and theoptimism of the USA ambassador, John Leishman,about the future of the Ottoman Empire after therevolution. The discussion also deals with USAdiplomacy ranging from holding parliamentaryelections and convening until the harbingers of thecounter-revolution began, what happened to thesending of the American ship Scorpion due to thecounter-revolution and the Adana massacre, and thecontroversy surrounding the sending of Americanships. The issue of the advance of Mahmud ShevketPasha's army towards Istanbul, which was able toeliminate the counter-revolution and restore thecontrol of the CUP again, has also been touched uponin addition to the position on the ouster of SultanAbdul Hamid II in April 1909 and the bilateralrelations between the two countries, including theproblem of disarmament. The study also contains aconclusion dealt with important results.

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