Cermenlerin Dini Dönüşümü

Roma İmparatorluğu’nun içine tam anlamıyla nüfuz etmeden önce putperestlik veya Aryanizm’denbirini kabul eden çeşitli Cermen kavimleri ilerleyen süreçte her ikisinden de vazgeçerek Katolikkültüre ister istemez uyum sağlamışlardı ancak uzun zamana yayılan bu dönüşümün başlangıcındakoskoca bir imparatorluğun Avrupa’daki toprakları ortadan kalkmıştı. Cermenlerin önemli bir kısmıHristiyan olmasına karşın, bu süreç kanlı başladı. Her şeye rağmen bu hâl kimilerinin kabul ettiği gibiOrta Çağ’ın bütününde yaşanmadı. Siyasi yetkeyi ellerine geçiren çeşitli kavimler bir zaman sonraiktidarlarını devam ettirebilmek için bulundukları topraklarda istikrarı hâkim kılmak istemişlerdi.Cermen kavimlerinin hemen tamamı ne Doğu ne de Batı Kilisesi’nin tasvip ettiği bir mezhebi tecrübeetmişlerdi. Bu, adını Arius adlı bir papazdan alan Aryanizm idi. Arius ile direkt temas kurulmamışsada Ulfila adlı bir misyoner sayesinde Avrupa’nın yeni sakinlerinin inancı bu mezhep doğrultusundaşekillenmişti. Ne var ki bu kavimlerin hareketli devirlerinin üzerinden birkaç yüzyıl geçtikten sonrane krallıklarından ne de kendilerini farklı kılan Aryanizm’den eser kalmıştı.

The Religious Transformation of the Germanic Peoples

The various Germanic tribes which adopted paganism or Arianism before being fully penetrated into the Roman Empire abandoned both religious beliefs and unavoidably adapted to the Catholic culture in the forthcoming process. However, at the onset of this transformation which extended over a long period of time, a gigantic empire’s control over its territories in Europe had already been lost. Even though a large part of Germanic peoples had already been converted to Christianity, this transformation process began with bloody wars. Nevertheless, contrary to assertions by certain scholars, this was not necessarily the case throughout the entire Middle Age. The various tribes which obtained the political power later aspired to ensure that the political stability dominated over their territories so as to continue to maintain their powers. Almost all German tribes practiced a religious sect which was approved by neither the Eastern Church nor the Western Church. This sect was Arianism which was named after a priest called Arius. Even if there was no direct contact with Arius himself, the religious belief of new inhabitants of Europe was shaped by this sect by virtue of a missionary called Ulfilas. However, following the passage of a few centuries after the dynamic period of these Germanic tribes, there remained trace of neither their kingdoms nor Arianism which attributed a unique character to them.

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