AMERİKAN SİYASİ DÜŞÜNCESİNİN İDEOLOJİK KÖKENİ PÜRİTENİZM’İN AMERİKAN DEVRİMİ’NE ETKİSİ

Günümüze kadar Amerikan Devrimi’nin ideolojik kökeni üzerine sayısız çalışma üretilmiştir. Buçalışmaların önemli bir kısmında, Amerikan Devrimi’nin reformcu, özgürlükçü ve sömürge karşıtıaydınların fikirleri ile gerçekleştirildiği iddiası gündeme getirilmiştir. Özellikle Voltaire, Rousseau,Montesquieu, Locke ve Paine gibi düşünürler sayesinde Amerikan Devrimi’nin başarıya ulaştığı iddiaedilmektedir. Liberal, seküler ve özgürlükçü Aydınlanmacı düşünürlerin Amerikan Devrimi’ne etkisitartışılmaz şekilde açık olmasına rağmen, Amerikan Devrimi’nin kökeni uhrevi ve dünyevi idealleresahip Püritenizm’e dayanmaktadır. Özünde dini yönü güçlü olan bu akımın taraftarları, Püritenler, ilkolarak XVI. yüzyılda Britanya’da Anglikan Kilisesi’ni yenileme amacıyla ortaya çıkmışlardır. Buuğurda yaklaşık yüzyıllık bir mücadeleden sonra amaçlarına ulaşamadan Amerika kıtasına göç edenPüritenler, 1620-1763 yılları arasında revize edilmiş ülküleri çerçevesinde, “Tanrı’nın Krallığı’nı”kurmak için çaba göstermişler ve sonucunda Amerikan Devrimi’ni başlatmışlar ve başarıyaulaştırmışlardır. Bu çalışma bütüncül bir yaklaşımla ve ortaya koyduğu argümanlar ile Püritenizm’inAmerikan Devrimi’ne etkisini tarihsel süreç içerisinde ve örnek olay çalışması metodu ile ortayakoymayı amaçlamaktadır.

The Impact of Puritanism on the American Revolution as the Ideological Root of American Political Thought

There have been numerous studies over the ideological origin of American Revolution until today. Most of those studies claim that American Revolution came into existence due to the impact of scholars/thinkers with libertarian, reformist and anti-colonialist tendencies. In particular they believe that Enlightenment theorists/thinkers such as Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Locke and Paine with their ideas shaped the theoretical origin of the revolution. Even though, their contributions are certainly undeniable, Puritanism with its earthly and ethereal ideals shaped the theoretical origin of the glorious revolution. In essence with strong celestial character Puritans for the first time, emerged in Britain in order to carry out reforms on the Anglican Church. Around a century long fruitless effort that’s why they had to move in American continent for founding the Kingdom of God according to their renewed agenda between 1620 and 1763. Eventually they were able to setting out the American Revolution successfully. This study aims to present Puritanism impact on the American Revolution with holistic approach presents substantial arguments in a historical context by using case study methodology.

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