20864

BÖLGESEL FARKLILIK VE DEPOLAMA SÜRESİNİN PROPOLİSİN ANTİOKSİDAN ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Propolis, geleneksel tıpta kullanılan fenolik ve flavonoid bileşikler, terpenler ve tokoferol gibi daha birçok biyoaktif madde içeren bir karışımdır. Üç farklı bölgede Apis Mellifera Caucasica arı türlerinden toplanan propolis örnekleri, Haziran ayında ve 8 ay oda sıcaklığında depolama süreci sonunda Şubat ayında 1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) ve yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) ile antioksidan-oksidan parametre ölçümleri yapılmıştır. B1 vitamini (44.24±5.04 - 64.48±5.12 μg/g), B2 vitamini (66.13±2.44 - 104.42±3.85 μg/g), A vitamini (3.58±0.09 - 17.44±025 μg/g), E vitamini (15.88±1.38 - 38.64±2.75 μg/g), malondialdehit (MDA) (0.381±0.020 - 1.419±0.023 nmol/mL) ve DPPH (95.42±1.22 - 368.22±4.31 mg/L) düzeyleri gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuçlar ortalama±standart sapma ve P <0.05 anlamlılık düzeyi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Yüksek rakımlı bölgelerde elde edilen propolisin, Haziran ayında yapılan analizinde en iyi antioksidan özellik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir (P <0.05). Raf ömrü, iklim ve çevresel koşullara bağlı olarak propolis örneklerinde antioksidan düzeylerin değişiklik gösterdiği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antioksidan, HPLC, Malondialdehit, Vitaminler, propolis

THE EFFECT OF REGIONAL DIFFERENCE AND STORAGE TIME ON ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF PROPOLIS

Propolis is a mixture of many other bioactive substances such as phenolic and flavonoid compounds, terpenes and tocopherol used in traditional medicine. The antioxidant-oxidant parameter measurements of propolis, obtained from Apis Mellifera Caucasica bee species in three different regions, were performed in In June and at the end of 8 months room temperature storage process in February with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazil (DPPH) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Vitamin B1 (44.24±5.04 - 64.48±5.12 μg / g), vitamin B2 (66.13±2.44 - 104.42±3.85 μg / g), vitamin A (3.58±0.09 - 17.44±0.25 μg / g), vitamin E (15.88±1.38 - 38.64±2.75 μg / g), malondialdehyde (MDA) (0.381±0.020 - 1.419±0.023 nmol / mL) and DPPH (95.42±1.22 - 368.22±4.31 mg/L) levels were observed. Results were accepted as mean±standard deviation and P <0.05 significance level. Propolis obtained from high altitude regions showed the best antioxidant properties in June analysis (P <0.05). Antioxidant levels are thought to vary in propolis samples depending on shelf life, climate and environmental conditions.

Keywords:

Antioxidant, storage, malondialdehyde, propolis, vitamins,

PDF

___

1. Bazmandegan, G., Boroushaki, M. T., Shamsizadeh, A., Ayoobi, F., Hakimizadeh, E., Allahtavakoli, M. (2017). Brown propolis attenuates cerebral ischemia-induced oxidative damage via affecting antioxidant enzyme system in mice. j.biopha, 85:503–510. doi: 10.1016/ 2016.11.057.
2. Baltas, N., Karaoglu, S. A., Tarakci, C., Kolayli, S. (2016). Effect of propolis in gastric disorders: inhibition studies on the growth of Helicobacter pylori and production of its urease. (Supplement 2):46–50. doi: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1186023.
3. Kim, S. B., Jo, Y. H., Liu, Q. (2015). Optimization of extraction condition of bee pollen using response surface methodology: correlation between anti-melanogenesis, antioxidant activity, and phenolic content. Molecules,20(11):19764–19774. doi: 10.3390/201119656.
4. Florio, Almeida J., Reis, A. S., Heldt, L. F. S. (2017). Lyophilized bee pollen extract: a natural antioxidant source to prevent lipid oxidation in refrigerated sausages. j.lwt.;76:299–305. doi: 10.1016/ 2016.06.017.
5. Rzepecka-Stojko, A., Stojko, J., Kurek-Górecka, A. (2015). Polyphenols from bee pollen: structure, absorption, metabolism and biological activity. Molecules, 20(12):21732–21749. doi: 10.3390.
6. Arct, J., Pytkowska, K. (2008). Flavonoids as components of biologically active cosmeceuticals. j.clindermatol, 26(4):347–357. doi: 10.1016.01.004.
7. Panche, A. N., Diwan, A. D., Chandra, S. R. (2016). Flavonoids: an overview. Jns, 5:p. e47. doi: 10.1017.41.
8. Denisow B., Denisow-Pietrzyk, M. (2016). Biological and therapeutic properties of bee pollen: a review. Jsfa, 96(13):4303–4309. doi: 10.1002.7729.
9. Pasupuleti, V. R., Sammugam, L., Ramesh, N., Gan, S. H. (2017). Honey, propolis, and royal jelly: a comprehensive review of their biological actions and health benefits. ;2017:21. doi: 10.1155/2017/1259510.1259510.
10. Bonamigo, T., Campos, J. F., Oliveira, A. S. (2017). Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of propolis of Plebeia droryana and Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado biome. journal.pone, 12(9, article e0183983) doi: 10.1371/.0183983.
11. Boisard, S., Le Ray, A. M., Gatto, J. (2014). Chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-AGEs activities of a French poplar type propolis. 62(6):1344–1351. doi: 10.1021/jf4053397.
12. Graikou, K., Popova, M., Gortzi, O., Bankova, V., Chinou, I. (2016). Characterization and biological evaluation of selected Mediterranean propolis samples: is it a new type. 2016;65:261–267. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.08.025.
13. Bankova, V. (2005). Chemical diversity of propolis and the problem of standardization. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 100: 114–117. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.05.004.
14. Moreira, L., Dias, L.G., Pereira, J.A., Estevinho, L. (2008). Antioxidant properties, total phenols and pollen analysis of propolis samples from Portugal. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46: 3482–3485. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.08.025
15. Valente, M.J., Baltazar, A.F., Henrique, R., Estevinho, L., Carvalho, M. (2011). Biological activities of Portuguese propolis: Protection against free radical-induced erythrocyte damage and inhibition of human renal cancer cell growth in vitro. Food and Chemical Toxicology.; 49: 86–92. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.10.001
16. Ewnetu, Y., Lemma, N., Birhane, W. (2013). Antibacterial effects of Apis mellifera and stingless bees honeys on susceptible and resistant strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Complementary and Alternative Medicine,13(269): 2–7. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-269
17. Farré, R., Frasquet, I., Sanchez, A. (2004). Propolis and human health. Ars Pharmaceutica,45:21–43.
18. Kutlu, M.A. (2010). Organik Bal Üreticisinin El Kitabı, Genç ilçesi - Bingöl, 77-78s.
19. Alencar, S.M., Oldoni, T.L.C., Castro, M.L., Cabral, I.S.R., Costa-Neto, C.M., Cury, J.A. (2007). Chemical composition and biological activity of a new type of Brazilian propolis: red propolis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 113: 278–283. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.06.005
20. Catignani, G.L. (1983). Simultancous Determination of Retinol and α-Tocopherol in Serum of Plazma by Liquid Chromatography. Clin. Chem, 2914, 708-712.
21. Henning, S.M., Swendseid, M.E., Ivandic, B.T., Liao,F. (1997). Vitamins C, E and A and Hemre oxygenase in rats fed methyl/folate-deficient diets, Free Radic. Biol.Med, 23(6):936-42.
22. Amidzic, R., Brboric, J., Cudina, O., Vladimirov, S. (2005). RP-HPLC Determination of vitamins B1, B3, B6, folic acid and B12 in multivitamin tablets, J. Serb. Chem. Soc,70(10), 1229–1235.
23. Markopoulou, C. K., Kagkadis, K. A., Koundourellis, J. E. (2002). An optimized method for the simultaneous determination of vitamins B1, B6, B12, in multivitamin tablets by high performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 30, 1403- 1410.
24. Karatas, F., Karatepe, M., Baysar, A. (2002). Determination of free malondialdehyde in human serum by high performance liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem, 311: 76-79.
25. Braca, A., Nunziatina, D., Lorenzo, D. B., Cosimo, P., Mateo, P. (2001). Antioxidant principles from Bauhinia terapotensis. Journal of Natural Products, 64, 892–895.
26. Geert V. P., Henk V. B. (1997). Vitamins and cancer. Cancer Letters, 114, 195-202.
27. Halliwell, B. (1996). Vitamin C: Antioxidant or pro-oxidant in vivo.Free Radical Research; Volume 25, Issue 5, Pages 439-454.
28. Zhang, C., Shen, X., Chen, J., Jiang, X., Hu, F. (2017). Identification of free radical scavengers from Brazilian green propolis using off-line HPLC-DPPH assay and LC-MS. ;82(7):1602–1607. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.13730.
29. Betances-Salcedo, E., Revilla, I., Vivar-Quintana, A. M., González-Martín, M. I. (2017). Flavonoid and antioxidant capacity of propolis prediction using near infrared spectroscopy. 17(7) doi: 10.3390/s17071647.
30. Bonamigo, T., Campos, J. F., Alfredo. T. M. (2017). Antioxidant, cytotoxic, and toxic activities of propolis from two native bees in Brazil: Scaptotrigona depilis and Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides. 2017:12. doi: 10.1155/2017/1038153.1038153
31. Socha, R., Gałkowska, D., Bugaj, M., Juszczak, L. (2014). Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of propolis from various regions of Poland. 29(5):416–422. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2014.949705.
32. Fabris, S., Bertelle, M., Astafyeva, O. (2013). Antioxidant properties and chemical composition relationship of European and Brazilian propolis. 4(1):46–51. doi: 10.4236/pp.2013.41006.
33. Calegari, M. A., Prasniewski, A., Silva, C. D. (2017). Propolis from Southwest of Parana produced by selected bees: influence of seasonality and food supplementation on antioxidant activity and phenolic profile. 89(1):45–55. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201620160499.
34. Narimane, S., Demircan, E., Salah, A., Ozcelik, B. O., Salah, R. (2017). Correlation between antioxidant activity and phenolic acids profile and content of Algerian propolis: influence of solvent. 30(4):1417–1423.
35. Sun, C., Wu, Z., Wang, Z., Zhang, H. (2015). Effect of ethanol/water solvents on phenolic profiles and antioxidant properties of Beijing propolis extracts. 2015:9. doi: 10.1155/2015/595393.595393.
36. Bittencourt, M. L. F., Ribeiro, P. R., Franco, R. L. P., Hilhorst, H. W. M., Castro, R. D., Fernandez, L. G. (2015).Metabolite profiling, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brazilian propolis: use of correlation and multivariate analyses to identify potential bioactive compounds.76, Part 3:449–457. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.07.008.
37. Ferreira, D., Rocha, H. C., Kreutz, L. C. (2013). Bee products prevent agrichemical-induced oxidative damage in fish. journal.pone, 8(10, article e74499) doi: 10.1371/.0074499.
38. Bankova, V., Popova, M., Trusheva, B. (2014). Propolis volatile compounds: chemical diversity and biological activity: a review. Chemistry Central Journal, 8(28): 1–8. doi: 10.1186/1752-153X-8-28.
39. Salatino, A, Teixeira, E.W., Negri, G., Message, D. (2005). Origin and Chemical Variation of Brazilian Propolis. Evid-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2(1): 33–38. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neh060
40. Huang, S., Zhang, C.P., Wang. K., Li, G.L., Hu. F.L. (2014). Recent Advances in the Chemical Composition of Propolis. Molecules, 19: 19610–19632. doi: 10.3390/molecules191219610
41. Kumazawa, S., Hamasaka, T., Nakayama, T. (2004). Antioxidant activity of propolis of various geographic origins. Food Chemistry, 84: 329–339. doi: 10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00216-4
42. Ong, T.H., Chitra, E., Ramamurthy, S., Siddalingam, R.P., Yuen, K.H., Ambu, S.P. (2017). Chitosan-propolis nanoparticle formulation demonstrates anti-bacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. Plos one, 12(3): 1–22. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174888
43. Campos, J.F., Santos, U.P., Rocha, P.S., Damião, M.J., Balestieri, J.B.P., Cardoso, C.A.L. (2015). Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatoty, and Cytotoxic Activies of Propolis from the Stingless Bee Tetragonisca fiebrigi (Jataí). Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015: 1–11. doi: 10.1155/2015/296186
44. Funakoshi-Tago, M., Okamoto, K., Izumi, R., Tago, K., Yanagisawa, K., Narukawa, Y. (2015). Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids in Nepalese propolis is attributed to inhibition of the IL-33 signaling pathway. International Immunopharmacology, 25: 189–198. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.01.012
45. Lopez, A.G.C, Lourenço, C.C., Alvesa, D.A., Machado, D., Lancellottia, M., Sawaya, C.H.F. (2015). Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of red propolis: an alert as to its safe use. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 119(3): 677–687. doi: 10.1111/jam.12874