GIDA ATIKLARINDAN ÇEVRE DOSTU BİYOBOZUNUR AMBALAJ MALZEMESİ ÜRETİMİ

Gıda ambalaj malzemesi olarak petrol bazlı polimerlerin kullanımı hem geri çevrilemez çevre problemlerine yol açmaktadır hem de sürdürülebilir değildir. Bu nedenle son yıllarda petrol bazlı ambalaj malzemelerine alternatif olarak doğada bozunabilen ve kullanımdan sonra tekrar işlenebilen biyobozunur ambalajlar geliştirilmektedir. Diğer yandan gıda sanayisi tonlarca atık üretmektedir. Bu atıklar kimya, tıp, kozmetik ya da hayvancılık gibi farklı alanlarda değerlendirilmektedir. Sanayi atıklarının yüksek kalitede polisakkarit, esansiyel yağ ve protein içerdiği düşünüldüğünde biyobozunur ambalaj üretiminde kullanılması hem çevresel sorunları azaltacak, hem de atıkların tekrar işlenmesi ile katma değeri daha yüksek ürünlere dönüştürülerek ekonomik kazanç sağlayacaktır. Bu derleme makale ile potansiyel gıda atıklarından gıda ambalaj malzemesi üretilmesi ve bu malzemelerin mekanik, yapısal, termal ve bariyer özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi ve gıdalarda kullanım potansiyeli irdelenecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyobozunur malzemeler, biyonanokompozit, gıda ambalajlama, gıda atıkları

PRODUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY BIODEGRADABLE PACKAGING MATERIALS FROM FOOD WASTE

The use of petroluem based plastics as food packaging materials has led not only to irreversible ecological problems but also they are not sustainable. Thus, recently biodegradable packaging materials that dissolved in soil and reprocessable have been developed as an alternative to the petroluem based plastics. On the other hand, food industry has generated tons of food waste which has been recycled in different areas such as chemistry, medicine, cosmetics or animal husbandry. Considering that these waste contains high quality polysaccharides, essential oils and proteins, conversion of food waste into biodegradable packaging materials not only solves environmental problems but also creates value added products with economic benefit. This paper reviews development of biodegradale packaging materials from potential food wastes and characterization of mechanical, morphological, thermal and barrier properties of developed biodegradable films and potential use for food.

Keywords:

Biodegradable materials, bionanocomposite, food packaging, food waste,

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