Karaciğerin primer malign tümörlerine genel bakış

Amaç: Artan hepatit C enfeksiyonu, alkolizm ve obeziteye bağlı olarak karaciğerin primer malign tümörlerinin prevalansı giderek artmaktadır. Konuya ilişkin son literatürleri de inceleyerek primer hepatik maligniteler üzerine genel bir değerlendirme yapmayı amaçladık. Ana bulgular: Hepatosellüler karsinoma (HCC) ve kolanjiyosellüler karsinoma, primer malign hepatik tümörlerin en sık görülenleridir. HCC, kronik parankimal karaciğer hastalığı zemininde ortaya çıkar. Parsiyel hepatektomi ve transplantasyon gibi etkin tedaviler, ancak erken dönemde uygulanabilir. Bu nedenle risk grubunu oluşturan hastaların yakın takibi önemlidir. Fibrolameller karsinoma, normal karaciğerde de gelişebilmektedir. Kolanjiosellüler karsinoma, bilier duktal hücrelerden köken alır; primer sklerozan kolanjit, clonorchiasis ve thorotrast başlıca risk faktörleridir. Sonuç: Primer karaciğer kanserleri için risk grubuna giren hastaların yakın takibi, erken teşhis ve etkin tedavilerin uygulanabilirliğini artırmaktadır.

A general evaluation on primary hepatic malignities

Objective: The prevalences of primary hepatic malignities increase due to increasead hepatitis C infection, alcohol abuse and obesity. We examined recently published articles in order to prepare a review on primary hepatic malign tumors. Main findings: Hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocellular carcinoma are the most common primary malignant tumors of the liver. HCC develops at patients with chronic parenchymal liver diseases. More efficient treatments such as resection and transplantation can be performed when HCC is diagnosed at an early stage. Therefore the following of the cases having risk factors for development of HCC is important. Fibro-lameller carcinoma can also occur at individuals without predisposing hepatic disorders. Cholangiocellular carcinoma originates from biliary ductal epitelium. Primary sclerosing cholangitis, clonorchiasis and thorotrast are most common risk factors for cholangiocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: The closely follow-up of patients having the predisposing disorders for primary hepatic malignities can yield an increase in the rates of early diagnosis and curative treatment modalities.

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