Basra Körfezi’nde İngiliz - Amerikan Rekabeti: Bureymi Krizi’nden Bermuda Konferansı’na Körfez’de Güç Değişimi (1950-1957)
ABD’nin yayılmacı bir politikayla Basra Körfezi’ne girişi zamanla en mühim müttefikiİngiltere ile bazı anlaşmazlıklar yaşamasına yol açmıştır. 1950’li yıllarda Arabistan,İran ve Mısır’da yaşanan İngiliz – Amerikan rekabeti bölge ülkeleri arasındaki ilişkileredoğrudan tesir etmeye başlıyordu. ABD’nin Ortadoğu’ya girişiyle birlikte bazı petrolşirketlerinin imtiyaz sahalarının hududunu belirleme ihtiyacı doğmuştu. Bu makalede,Doğu Arabistan’da Suudi hâkimiyetinin sınırlarının sorgulandığı bir dönemde BureymiÇölü üzerinde yaşanan egemenlik krizinin sebepleri tarihi arka planıyla birlikte ele alınmıştır.Bureymi’de hak iddia eden Suudi Arabistan, bölgede petrol aramayı hedefleyenAramco Şirketi vasıtasıyla ABD’nin desteğini alırken aynı bölgede hak iddia eden EbuDabi Emiri ve Maskat-Umman Sultanı İngilizlerden destek almıştır.
Anglo-American Rivalry in Basra Gulf: From Buraimi Conflict to Bermuda Conference; a Shift in Power in the Gulf, 1950-1957
American entry in to Basra Gulf due to its expansionist policy caused a conflict ofinterest with its most strategic ally, Britain. Anglo-American rivalry through the 1950s, inArabia, Iran, and Egypt, negatively impacted regional countries’ relations with one another.Due to the American presence in the Middle East, it was crucial to determine bordersof concessioned areas of petroleum companies. This article also handles historical causesof hegemony crisis over Buraimi Oasis when Saudi hegemony in East Arabian frontierswas questioned. Saudi claims over Buraimi supported by US through Aramco while otherregional players, Abu Dhabi and Oman, supported by Britain.
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- Kaynakça
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