Etanolün Sıçan Testis Dokusunda Meydana Getirdiği Apoptotik Değişiklikler Üzerine Elettaria Cardamomum'un Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Amaç: Etanol (etil alkol) testis toksini olarak bilinmektedir. Elettaria cardamomum (Cardamom) ise ülkemizde kakule adı ile bilinen bir bitkidir. Cardamom'un anti-inflamatuar ve antioksidan etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada etanol ile oluşturulan testis hasarına karşı Cardamom'un koruyucu etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 21 adet erişkin Wistar Albino tipi erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar 3 eşit gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubuna (Grup I); 10 gün boyunca her gün intraperitoneal ( i.p.) yolla 5 ml serum fizyolojik, Etanol grubuna (Grup II); aynı sürede 5 ml serum fizyolojik + etanol (3 g/kg) ve Etanol+Cardamom grubuna (Grup III); aynı süre ve volümdei.p. serum fizyolojik + etanol (3 g/kg) ile birlikte oral olarak Cardamom (500 µL/kg) uygulaması yapıldı. Deney sonunda testis dokuları çıkarılıp rutin histolojik takip işlemleri sonrasında histolojik boyamalar ve TUNEL metodu uygulandı. Bulgular: Etanol grubu, kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında testis dokularında peritübüler vasküler konjesyon, seminifer tübüllerde dejenerasyon, tübül bazal membranında invaginasyonlar ve spermatogenetik seri hücrelerinde lümene dökülmeler gözlendi. Etanol ile birlikte Cardamom uygulanan grupta ise peritübüler vasküler konjesyon, tübül bazal membranin vaginasyonlarında düzelme gözlenmesine rağmen seminifer tübül dejenerasyonu ve spermatogenetik seriye ait hücrelerin lümen içine dökülmelerinde belirgin bir iyileşme görülmedi. TUNEL boyamanın sonucunda Etanol verilen grupta seminifer tübüllerdeki apoptotik hücrelerin belirgin arttığı, Etanol ile birlikte Cardamom verilen grupta ise seminifer tübüllerdeki apoptotik hücrelerin etanol verilen gruba göre azaldığı belirlendi. Sonuç: Cardamomun etanolün seminifer tübüllerde meydana getirdiği apoptotik hücre artışına karşı koruyucu etkilerinin olduğu gözlenmiştir.

The Investigation of Effects of Eletteria Cardamomumon the Apoptotic Alterations Induced by Ethanol in Rat Testes

Objective: Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) is known as a testicular toxin. Elettaria cardamomum (cardamom) is a plant known as kakule. Cardamom has antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate preventive effects of Cardamom on testicular damage induced with ethanol. Material and Methods: Twenty-one adult male Wistar rats were used. The rats were divided into equal 3 groups, saline-treated group (Grup I), ethanol (3 g/kg)-treated group (Grup II), ethanol (3 g/kg) and Cardamom (500 µL/kg)-treated group (Grup III). Ethanol was administrated daily intraperitoneally for 10 days, and the same volume of saline (5ml) was administrated for the controls. Cardamom was administrated orally for 10 days. At the end of the experiment, testes tissues collected from the animals were processed by using routine paraffin techniques. The sections of testes were stained by histological and administered TUNEL method. Results: Peritubular vascular congestion, degeneration in seminiferous tubules, invaginations of tubular basement membrane and sloughing of immature germinal cells to the lumen were observed in ethanol-treated group. Although peritubular vascular congestion and invaginations of basement membrane were improved, degeneration in seminiferous tubules and sloughing of immature germinal cells weren't significant improvement in Grup III. TUNEL-positive cells were markedly increased in the seminiferous tubules in ethanol-treated group. TUNEL-positive cells were decreased in Cardamom treated group. Conclusion: Cardamom had protective effects on seminiferous tubule apoptotic cells induced by ethanol.

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