SAĞLIKLA İLGİLİ RİSK ALGILAMALARI VE ÜCRET TELAFİSİ: TÜRKİYE’DEN BULGULAR

Bu çalışmada, 2013 Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketi özel modülünde yer alan sorular çerçevesinde işçilerin çalışma ortamları hakkında öznel değerlendirmelerini dikkate alarak, sağlıklarını olumsuz etkileyen farklı risklere karşı elde etmiş oldukları telafi edici ücretlerini tahmin ediyoruz. Sonuçlarımız, çeşitli risk faktörleri arasında yalnızca genel yaralanma riskinin pozitif ve istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir şekilde telafi edildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Kayıt dışı çalışanlar ve ücretli kadın çalışanlar, sağlık açısından riskli ortamlarda çalışırken bu risklere karşı ek ödeme almamaktadır. Risk tazminatının ücret dağılımına göre değiştiğini dikkate alarak bir tahmin yaptığımızda, pozitif tazminatların ters-u şeklinde bir seyir izlediğini görüyoruz. Sonuç olarak, zor iş koşulları açısından, Türkiye'deki işgücü piyasasının telafi edici ücret farklılıkları yerine işgücü bölümlenmesi (segmentasyon) ile tanımlanabileceğini savunuyoruz.

HEALTH-RELATED RISK PERCEPTIONS AND WAGE COMPENSATION: EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY

In this paper, we estimate wage compensation of workers facing different risks adversely affecting their health and well-being based on individual evaluations of work environment by using the ad-hoc module of 2013 Household Labor Survey. Our results reveal that among various risk factors, only general risk of injury is compensated by a significant and positive premium. Informal workers and female wage earners do not receive additional payment working in risky environments. Allowing risk compensation to vary across wage dispersion, we find that positive compensations follow an inverseu shape. We argue that in terms of unpleasant job attributes, the labor market in Turkey can be identified with labor segmentation rather compensating wage differentials.

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